## Command line options

The list of command line options provided by the PHP binary can be queried at any time by running PHP with the -h switch:

    Usage: php [options] [-f] <file> [--] [args...]
       php [options] -r <code> [--] [args...]
       php [options] [-B <begin_code>] -R <code> [-E <end_code>] [--] [args...]
       php [options] [-B <begin_code>] -F <file> [-E <end_code>] [--] [args...]
       php [options] -- [args...]
       php [options] -a

      -a               Run interactively
      -c <path>|<file> Look for php.ini file in this directory
      -n               No php.ini file will be used
      -d foo[=bar]     Define INI entry foo with value 'bar'
      -e               Generate extended information for debugger/profiler
      -f <file>        Parse and execute <file>.
      -h               This help
      -i               PHP information
      -l               Syntax check only (lint)
      -m               Show compiled in modules
      -r <code>        Run PHP <code> without using script tags <?..?>
      -B <begin_code>  Run PHP <begin_code> before processing input lines
      -R <code>        Run PHP <code> for every input line
      -F <file>        Parse and execute <file> for every input line
      -E <end_code>    Run PHP <end_code> after processing all input lines
      -H               Hide any passed arguments from external tools.
      -S <addr>:<port> Run with built-in web server.
      -t <docroot>     Specify document root <docroot> for built-in web server.
      -s               Output HTML syntax highlighted source.
      -v               Version number
      -w               Output source with stripped comments and whitespace.
      -z <file>        Load Zend extension <file>.

      args...          Arguments passed to script. Use -- args when first argument
                       starts with - or script is read from stdin

      --ini            Show configuration file names

      --rf <name>      Show information about function <name>.
      --rc <name>      Show information about class <name>.
      --re <name>      Show information about extension <name>.
      --rz <name>      Show information about Zend extension <name>.
      --ri <name>      Show configuration for extension <name>.

Command line options
Option | Long Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
-a | --interactive | Run PHP interactively. For more information, see the Interactive shell section.
-b | --bindpath | Bind Path for external FASTCGI Server mode (CGI only).
-C | --no-chdir | Do not chdir to the script's directory (CGI only).
-q | --no-header | Quiet-mode. Suppress HTTP header output (CGI only).
-T | --timing | Measure execution time of script repeated count times (CGI only).
-c | --php-ini | Specifies either a directory in which to look for php.ini, or a custom `INI` file (which does not need to be named php.ini), e.g.:
    $ php -c /custom/directory/ my_script.php

    $ php -c /custom/directory/custom-file.ini my_script.php
If this option is not specified, php.ini is searched for in the default locations.
-n | --no-php-ini | Ignore php.ini completely.
-d | --define | Set a custom value for any of the configuration directives allowed in php.ini. The syntax is:
     -d configuration_directive[=value]
Example #1 Example of using `-d` to set an INI setting
    # Omitting the value part will set the given configuration directive to "1"
    $ php -d max_execution_time
            -r '$foo = ini_get("max_execution_time"); var_dump($foo);'
    string(1) "1"

    # Passing an empty value part will set the configuration directive to ""
    php -d max_execution_time=
            -r '$foo = ini_get("max_execution_time"); var_dump($foo);'
    string(0) ""

    # The configuration directive will be set to anything passed after the '=' character
    $  php -d max_execution_time=20
            -r '$foo = ini_get("max_execution_time"); var_dump($foo);'
    string(2) "20"
    $  php
            -d max_execution_time=doesntmakesense
            -r '$foo = ini_get("max_execution_time"); var_dump($foo);'
    string(15) "doesntmakesense"
-e | --profile-info | Activate the extended information mode, to be used by a debugger/profiler.
-f | --file | Parse and execute the specified file. The -f is optional and may be omitted - providing just the filename to execute is sufficient.
-h and -? | --help and --usage | Output a list of command line options with one line descriptions of what they do.
-i | --info | Calls phpinfo(), and prints out the results. If PHP is not working correctly, it is advisable to use the command php -i and see whether any error messages are printed out before or in place of the information tables. Beware that when using the CGI mode the output is in HTML and therefore very large.
-l | --syntax-check | Syntax check but do not execute the given PHP code. The input from standard input will be processed if no filenames are specified, otherwise each filename will be checked. On success, the text `No syntax errors detected in <filename>` is written to standard output. On failure, the text `Errors parsing <filename>` is written to standard output in addition to the internal parser error. If any failures are found in the specified files (or standard input), the shell return code is set to `-1`, otherwise the shell return code is set to `0`. This option won't find fatal errors (like undefined functions) that require executing the code. Note: Prior to PHP 8.3.0, it was only possible to specify one filename to be checked. Note: This option does not work together with the -r option.
-m | --modules | Example #2 Printing built in (and loaded) PHP and Zend modules
    $ php -m
    [PHP Modules]
    xml
    tokenizer
    standard
    session
    posix
    pcre
    overload
    mysql
    mbstring
    ctype

    [Zend Modules]
> -r | --run | Allows execution of PHP included directly on the command line. The PHP start and end tags (`<?php` and `?>`) are not needed and will cause a parse error if present. Note: Care must be taken when using this form of PHP not to collide with command line variable substitution done by the shell. Example #3 Getting a syntax error when using double quotes
>     $ php -r "$foo = get_defined_constants();"
>     PHP Parse error:  syntax error, unexpected '=' in Command line code on line 1

>     Parse error: syntax error, unexpected '=' in Command line code on line 1
> The problem here is that sh/bash performs variable substitution even when using double quotes `"`. Since the variable $foo is unlikely to be defined, it expands to nothing which results in the code passed to PHP for execution actually reading:
>     $ php -r " = get_defined_constants();"
> The correct way would be to use single quotes `'`. Variables in single-quoted strings are not expanded by sh/bash. Example #4 Using single quotes to prevent the shell's variable substitution
>     $ php -r '$foo = get_defined_constants(); var_dump($foo);'
>     array(370) {
>       ["E_ERROR"]=>
>       int(1)
>       ["E_WARNING"]=>
>       int(2)
>       ["E_PARSE"]=>
>       int(4)
>       ["E_NOTICE"]=>
>       int(8)
>       ["E_CORE_ERROR"]=>
>       [...]
If using a shell other than sh/bash, further issues might be experienced - if appropriate, a bug report should be opened at » https://github.com/php/php-src/issues. It is still easy to run into trouble when trying to use variables (shell or PHP) in command-line code, or using backslashes for escaping, so take great care when doing so. You have been warned! Note: -r is available in the CLI SAPI, but not in the CGI SAPI. Note: This option is only intended for very basic code, so some configuration directives (such as auto_prepend_file and auto_append_file) are ignored in this mode.
-B | --process-begin | PHP code to execute before processing stdin.
-R | --process-code | PHP code to execute for every input line. There are two special variables available in this mode: $argn and $argi. $argn will contain the line PHP is processing at that moment, while $argi will contain the line number.
-F | --process-file | PHP file to execute for every input line.
-E | --process-end | PHP code to execute after processing the input. Example #5 Using the -B, -R and -E options to count the number of lines of a project.
    $ find my_proj | php -B '$l=0;' -R '$l += count(@file($argn));' -E 'echo "Total Lines: $l\n";'
    Total Lines: 37328
-S | --server | Starts built-in web server.
-t | --docroot | Specifies document root for built-in web server.
-s | --syntax-highlight and --syntax-highlighting | Display colour syntax highlighted source. This option uses the internal mechanism to parse the file and writes an HTML highlighted version of it to standard output. Note that all it does is generate a block of `<code> [...] </code>` HTML tags, no HTML headers. Note: This option does not work together with the -r option.
-v | --version | Example #6 Using -v to get the SAPI name and the version of PHP and Zend
    $ php -v
    PHP 5.3.1 (cli) (built: Dec 11 2009 19:55:07)
    Copyright (c) 1997-2009 The PHP Group
    Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2009 Zend Technologies
-w | --strip | Display source with comments and whitespace stripped. Note: This option does not work together with the -r option.
-z | --zend-extension | Load Zend extension. If only a filename is given, PHP tries to load this extension from the current default library path on your system (usually /etc/ld.so.conf on Linux systems, for example). Passing a filename with an absolute path will not use the system's library search path. A relative filename including directory information will tell PHP to try loading the extension relative to the current directory.
| --ini | Show configuration file names and scanned directories. Example #7 `--ini` example
    $ php --ini
    Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /usr/dev/php/5.2/lib
    Loaded Configuration File:         /usr/dev/php/5.2/lib/php.ini
    Scan for additional .ini files in: (none)
    Additional .ini files parsed:      (none)
--rf | --rfunction | Show information about the given function or class method (e.g. number and name of the parameters). This option is only available if PHP was compiled with Reflection support. Example #8 basic `--rf` usage
    $ php --rf var_dump
    Function [ <internal> public function var_dump ] {

      - Parameters [2] {
        Parameter #0 [ <required> $var ]
        Parameter #1 [ <optional> $... ]
      }
    }
--rc | --rclass | Show information about the given class (list of constants, properties and methods). This option is only available if PHP was compiled with Reflection support. Example #9 `--rc` example
    $ php --rc Directory
    Class [ <internal:standard> class Directory ] {

      - Constants [0] {
      }

      - Static properties [0] {
      }

      - Static methods [0] {
      }

      - Properties [0] {
      }

      - Methods [3] {
        Method [ <internal> public method close ] {
        }

        Method [ <internal> public method rewind ] {
        }

        Method [ <internal> public method read ] {
        }
      }
    }
--re | --rextension | Show information about the given extension (list of php.ini options, defined functions, constants and classes). This option is only available if PHP was compiled with Reflection support. Example #10 `--re` example
    $ php --re json
    Extension [ <persistent> extension #19 json version 1.2.1 ] {

      - Functions {
        Function [ <internal> function json_encode ] {
        }
        Function [ <internal> function json_decode ] {
        }
      }
    }
--rz | --rzendextension | Show the configuration information for the given Zend extension (the same information that is returned by phpinfo()).
--ri | --rextinfo | Show the configuration information for the given extension (the same information that is returned by phpinfo()). The core configuration information is available using "main" as extension name. Example #11 `--ri` example
    $ php --ri date

    date

    date/time support => enabled
    "Olson" Timezone Database Version => 2009.20
    Timezone Database => internal
    Default timezone => Europe/Oslo

    Directive => Local Value => Master Value
    date.timezone => Europe/Oslo => Europe/Oslo
    date.default_latitude => 59.930972 => 59.930972
    date.default_longitude => 10.776699 => 10.776699
    date.sunset_zenith => 90.583333 => 90.583333
    date.sunrise_zenith => 90.583333 => 90.583333

> Note:

> Options `-rBRFEH`, `--ini` and `--r[fcezi]` are available only in CLI.

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