执行语句

# oci_execute

(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL OCI8 >= 1.1.0)

oci_execute — 执行语句

### 说明

function oci_execute(resource `$statement`, int `$mode` = `OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS`): bool

执行先前从 oci_parse() 返回的 `statement`。

执行后，像 `INSERT` 这样的语句默认会将数据提交到数据库中。对于像 `SELECT` 这样的语句，执行查询的逻辑。随后可以使用 oci_fetch_array() 等函数在 PHP 中获取查询结果。

每个已解析的语句可能会执行多次，节省了重新解析的成本。当使用 oci_bind_by_name() 绑定数据时，这通常用于 `INSERT` 语句。

### 参数

`statement`

  有效的 OCI 语句标识符。

`mode`

  可选的第二个参数可以是以下常量之一：

  执行模式
  常量 | 说明
  --- | ---
  `OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS` | 当语句成功时，自动提交此连接的所有未完成更改。这是默认设置。
  `OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY` | 使查询元数据可用于 oci_field_name() 等函数，但不创建结果集。任何后续的读取调用（例如 oci_fetch_array()）都将失败。
  `OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT` | 不要自动提交更改。

  使用 `OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT` 模式启动或继续事务。当连接关闭或脚本结束时，事务会自动回滚。显式调用 oci_commit() 来提交事务，或调用 oci_rollback() 来中止它。

  插入或更新数据时，出于关系数据一致性和性能原因，建议使用事务。

  If `OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT` mode is used for any statement including queries, and oci_commit() or oci_rollback() is not subsequently called, then OCI8 will perform a rollback at the end of the script even if no data was changed. To avoid an unnecessary rollback, many scripts do not use `OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT` mode for queries or PL/SQL. Be careful to ensure the appropriate transactional consistency for the application when using oci_execute() with different modes in the same script.

### 返回值

成功时返回 `true`， 或者在失败时返回 `false`。

### 示例

示例 #1 oci_execute() 用于查询

    <?php

    $conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');

    $stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM employees');
    oci_execute($stid);

    echo "<table border='1'>\n";
    while ($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
        echo "<tr>\n";
        foreach ($row as $item) {
            echo "    <td>" . ($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : "&nbsp;") . "</td>\n";
        }
        echo "</tr>\n";
    }
    echo "</table>\n";

    ?>

示例 #2 oci_execute() 未指定模式示例

    <?php

    // Before running, create the table:
    //   CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (col1 NUMBER);

    $conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');

    $stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (123)');

    oci_execute($stid); // The row is committed and immediately visible to other users

    ?>

示例 #3 oci_execute() 和 `OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT` 示例

    <?php

    // Before running, create the table:
    //   CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (col1 NUMBER);

    $conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');

    $stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (:bv)');
    oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':bv', $i, 10);
    for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; ++$i) {
        oci_execute($stid, OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT);
    }
    oci_commit($conn);  // commits all new values: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

    ?>

示例 #4 具有不同提交模式的 oci_execute() 示例

    <?php

    // Before running, create the table:
    //   CREATE TABLE MYTABLE (col1 NUMBER);

    $conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');

    $stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (123)');
    oci_execute($stid, OCI_NO_AUTO_COMMIT);  // data not committed

    $stid = oci_parse($conn, 'INSERT INTO mytab (col1) VALUES (456)');
    oci_execute($stid);  // commits both 123 and 456 values

    ?>

示例 #5 oci_execute() 与 `OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY` 示例

    <?php

    $conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');

    $stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM locations');
    oci_execute($s, OCI_DESCRIBE_ONLY);
    for ($i = 1; $i <= oci_num_fields($stid); ++$i) {
        echo oci_field_name($stid, $i) . "<br>\n";
    }

    ?>

### 注释

> 注意:

> Transactions are automatically rolled back when connections are closed, or when the script ends, whichever is soonest. Explicitly call oci_commit() to commit a transaction.

> Any call to oci_execute() that uses `OCI_COMMIT_ON_SUCCESS` mode explicitly or by default will commit any previous uncommitted transaction.

> Any Oracle DDL statement such as `CREATE` or `DROP` will automatically commit any uncommitted transaction.

> 注意:

> Because the oci_execute() function generally sends the statement to the database, oci_execute() can identify some statement syntax errors that the lightweight, local oci_parse() function does not.

### 参见

- oci_parse() - 预处理用于执行的 Oracle 语句

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