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strptime> <mktime
[edit] Last updated: Fri, 18 Sep 2009

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strftime

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

strftime — Форматира местно време и дата съгласно локала

Описание

string strftime ( string $format [, int $ timestamp ] )

Връща низ, форматиран съгласно подадения форматиращ низ, за даден timestamp или текущото време, ако времеви отпечатък не е подаден. Имената на месеците и дните от седмицата, както и другите езиково зависими низове, използват текущо зададения локал със setlocale().

Следните спецификатори за преобразуване се разпознават във форматиращия низ:

  • %a - съкратен ден от седмицата съгласно локала
  • %A - пълен ден от седмицата съгласно локала
  • %b - съкратено име на месеца съгласно локала
  • %B - пълно име на месеца съгласно локала
  • %c - предпочитано представяне на дата и час съгласно локала
  • %C - номер на века (годината разделена на 100 и отрязана до цяло число, област от 00 до 99)
  • %d - ден от месеца като десетично число (област от 01 до 31)
  • %D - същото като %m/%d/%y
  • %e - ден от месеца като десетично число, едноцифрените се предшестват от интервал (обхват от ' 1' до '31')
  • %g - като %G, но без века
  • %G - Четири-цифрена година, отговаряща на номера на седмицата по ISO (вж. %V). Това има същия формат и стойност като %Y, с тази разлика, че ако номерът на седмицата по ISO принадлежи на предишната или на следващата година, тази година ще бъде използвана.
  • %h - същото като %b
  • %H - час като десетично число по 24-часов часовник (област от 00 до 23)
  • %I - час като десетично число по 12-часов часовник (област от 01 до 12)
  • %j - ден от годината като десетично число (област от 001 до 366)
  • %m - месец като десетично число (област от 01 до 12)
  • %M - минута като десетично число
  • %n - знак за нов ред
  • %p - или `am' или `pm', съгласно подадената времева стойност, или съответния низ, отговарящ на локала
  • %r - време в a.m. и p.m. нотация
  • %R - време в 24 часова нотация
  • %S - секунда като десетично число
  • %t - знак за табулация
  • %T - текущо време, равносилно на %H:%M:%S
  • %u - ден от седмицата като десетично число [1,7], като 1 е понеделник
    Предупреждение

    Sun Solaris изглежда започва с неделя за 1, въпреки че ISO 9889:1999 (текущият C стандарт) ясно указва, че трябва да бъде понеделник.

  • %U - номер на седмицата в текущата година като десетично число, започвайки с първата неделя като първи ден на първата седмица
  • %V - номер на седмицата от текущата година по ISO 8601:1988 като десетично число, област от 01 до 53, където седмица 1 е първата седмица, в която има поне 4 дена в текущата година, и с понеделник бидейки първи ден от седмицата. (Използвайте %G или %g за годината, която отговаря на номера от седмицата за дадения времеви отпечатък.)
  • %W - номер на седмицата от текъщата година като десетично число, където първият понеделник е първия ден от първата година
  • %w - ден от седмицата като число, неделя е 0
  • %x - предпочитано представяне на дата за локала без времето
  • %X - предпочитано представяне на време за локала без датата
  • %y - година като десетично число без века (област от 00 до 99)
  • %Y - година като десетично число с включен век
  • %Z - часова зона или име или съкращение
  • %% - знака `%'

Забележка: Възможно е не всичи преобразувателни спецификатори да се поддържат от вашата C бибилиотека и в този случай те няма да се поддържат от PHP функцията strftime(). Освен това, не всички платформи поддържат отрицателни времеви отпечатъци и затова вашата област от дати може да бъде ограничена до не по-рано от Unix епохата. Това означава, че %e, %T, %R и %D (възможно е да има и още) и дати преди 1 януари 1970 няма да работят на Windows, някои Linux дистрибуции, и няколко други операционни системи. Пълно описание на поддържаните преобразувателни спецификатори за Windows системи може да бъде намерено на този » MSDN сайт.

Example #1 Примери за strftime()

<?php
setlocale(LC_TIME, "C");
echo strftime("%A");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fi_FI");
echo strftime(" in Finnish is %A,");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "fr_FR");
echo strftime(" in French %A and");
setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");
echo strftime(" in German %A.\n");
?>

Този пример работи ако имате съответния локал инсталиран на вашата система.

Забележка: %G и %V, които се базират на номера на седмицата по ISO 8601:1988 може да дадат неочакван (но правилен) резултат ако бройната система не е добре разбрана. Вижте %V горе и примера по-долу.

Example #2 Пример за номер на седмицата по ISO 8601:1988

<?php
/*     Декември 2002 / Януари 2003
ISOWk  П   В   С   Ч   П   С   Н
----- ----------------------------
51     16  17  18  19  20  21  22 
52     23  24  25  26  27  28  29
1      30  31   1   2   3   4   5
2       6   7   8   9  10  11  12
3      13  14  15  16  17  18  19   */

// Извежда: 12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2002,2002
echo "12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/28/2002")) . "\n";

// Извежда: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002
echo "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y", strtotime("12/30/2002")) . "\n";

// Извежда: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003
echo "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . "\n";

// Извежда: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003
echo "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . "\n";



/*     Декември 2004 / Януари 2005
ISOWk  П   В   С   Ч   П   С   Н
----- ----------------------------
51     13  14  15  16  17  18  19
52     20  21  22  23  24  25  26
53     27  28  29  30  31   1   2
1       3   4   5   6   7   8   9
2      10  11  12  13  14  15  16   */

// Извежда: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004
echo "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . "\n";

// Извежда: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004
echo "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . "\n";

// Извежда: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005
echo "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . "\n";

// Извежда: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005
echo "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . "\n";

?>

Вж. също setlocale(), mktime() и Open Group спецификацията на » strftime().



strptime> <mktime
[edit] Last updated: Fri, 18 Sep 2009
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes strftime
Chris 12-Aug-2011 01:37
Sometimes, you want Jan 1 to be week 1 and weeks to begin on Sunday. Here's a way to use strftime U format character to follow this convention:
<?php
$month = 5; $year = 2012; echo "Week #'s in May 2012: ";
$week_num_correction = strftime('%U', mktime(0,0,0,1,1,$year)) === '00' ? 1 : 0;
$week_numbers = range(strftime('%U', mktime(0,0,0,$month,1,$year)) + $week_num_correction, strftime('%U', mktime(0,0,0,$month+1,0,$year)) + $week_num_correction);
foreach($week_numbers as $week_number) echo "$week_number ";
?>
displays: Week #'s in May 2012: 18 19 20 21 22
fmaz008 at gmail dot com 09-Aug-2011 12:50
The example of the workarround for the %e modifier is a bit complex. Sometime you might want to prefer a simple ltrim():

<?php
ltrim(strftime('%d', $time), '0');
?>
dgudgeon at example dot com 14-Jul-2011 05:04
If moving from date() to strftime() to support additional languages, you may miss the ordinal suffix format option date('S'). Workaround this by adding an extra modifier (%O).

<?php
function my_strftime ($format, $timestamp)
{
    $format = str_replace('%O', date('S', $timestamp), $format);   
    return strftime($format, $timestamp);
}
?>
Bondas Timotei 19-May-2011 04:41
If strange characters are returned use utf8_encode(strftime()) for UTF-8 characters
ciprianmp at yahoo dot com 13-Feb-2011 01:04
This worked for me to distinguish between windows and linux, for stripping leading zeros from days/months in the short formats (like for Czech):
stristr(PHP_OS,"win") ? "%#d.%#m.%Y" : "%-d.%-m.%Y"
Anonymous 12-Oct-2010 12:04
%V may fail with some systems (Windows XP, at least). Here is a function that should work to get the week number of a day (timestamped), according to ISO 8601.

"should work" as in "it is working with my understanding of this norm", where 1st of january can be week 52, 53 or 01. Hopefully.

testing (php_uname("s") == "Windows NT") or equivalent can be an option (when switching between Wampserver and a GNU server, for instance).

Please, erase and correct my message if there is any error.

<?php
function week_isonumber ($time) {
// When strftime("%V") fails, some unoptimized workaround
//
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601 : week 1 is "the week with the year's first Thursday in it (the formal ISO definition)"

    $year = strftime("%Y", $time);

    $first_day = strftime("%w", mktime(0, 0, 0, 1, 1, $year));
    $last_day = strftime("%w", mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 31, $year));
       
    $number = $isonumber = strftime("%W", $time);

    // According to strftime("%W"), 1st of january is in week 1 if and only if it is a monday
    if ($first_day == 1)
        $isonumber--;

    // 1st of january is between monday and thursday; starting (now) at 0 when it should be 1
    if ($first_day >= 1 && $first_day <= 4)
        $isonumber++;
    else if ($number == 0)
        $isonumber = week_isonumber(mktime(0, 0, 0, 12, 31, $year - 1));

    if ($isonumber == 53 && ($last_day == 1 || $last_day == 2 || $last_day == 3))
        $isonumber = 1;

    return sprintf("%02d", $isonumber);
}
?>
Lemmi 09-Jun-2010 05:57
Why not use utf8_encode to fix problems with letters in ISO-8859-1 and charset set to UTF-8?

For example:
<?php

setlocale(LC_TIME, "de_DE");
echo utf8_encode(strftime('%B')); // Output e.g.: März

?>
cyrille37 at gmail dot com 05-May-2010 05:12
The format "%e" does not work on Windows.
There is a bug entry : http://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=45847

It's because strftime is not portable, it use the operating system function.
For Win32, to get more documentation we have to consult the Windows "Run-Time Library Reference" for strftime :
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/fe06s4ak%28VS.71%29.aspx

And we can find the solution:
  replace "%e" by "%#d"
the "#" remove leading zeros (if any).

Cyrille
baptiste dot place at utopiaweb dot fr 26-Feb-2010 04:54
Created this small method to convert a date format to a strftime format. One format is enough to learn :)

<?php
/**
 * Convert a date format to a strftime format
 *
 * Timezone conversion is done for unix. Windows users must exchange %z and %Z.
 *
 * Unsupported date formats : S, n, t, L, B, G, u, e, I, P, Z, c, r
 * Unsupported strftime formats : %U, %W, %C, %g, %r, %R, %T, %X, %c, %D, %F, %x
 *
 * @param string $dateFormat a date format
 * @return string
 */
public static function dateFormatToStrftime($dateFormat) {
   
    $caracs = array(
        // Day - no strf eq : S
        'd' => '%d', 'D' => '%a', 'j' => '%e', 'l' => '%A', 'N' => '%u', 'w' => '%w', 'z' => '%j',
        // Week - no date eq : %U, %W
        'W' => '%V', 
        // Month - no strf eq : n, t
        'F' => '%B', 'm' => '%m', 'M' => '%b',
        // Year - no strf eq : L; no date eq : %C, %g
        'o' => '%G', 'Y' => '%Y', 'y' => '%y',
        // Time - no strf eq : B, G, u; no date eq : %r, %R, %T, %X
        'a' => '%P', 'A' => '%p', 'g' => '%l', 'h' => '%I', 'H' => '%H', 'i' => '%M', 's' => '%S',
        // Timezone - no strf eq : e, I, P, Z
        'O' => '%z', 'T' => '%Z',
        // Full Date / Time - no strf eq : c, r; no date eq : %c, %D, %F, %x 
        'U' => '%s'
    );
   
    return strtr((string)$dateFormat, $caracs);
}
?>

I use it with this condition on a date format :
if(preg_match("/(D|l|F|M)/", $format))
sasha at goldnet dot ca 09-Jan-2010 06:54
You can remove leading "0" from %m (two digit representation of the month) by using "-".
%-m  => Month of the year (1 to 12) without leading zero
Chad 11-Nov-2009 05:50
On the Linux server I'm using, strftime() also accepts a "-" option to request no padding:

<?php
$ts = strtotime("4 Nov 2009");
echo strlen(strftime("%-e", $ts)), "\n"; // "1" (no padding)
echo strlen(strftime("%e", $ts)), "\n"; // "2" (space padded)
?>
szilagyigabor at yahoo dot com 02-Nov-2009 11:43
This is that worked with UTF-8 encoding on Linux server, with right accents:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'hu_HU.UTF8');
echo(strftime('%Y. %B %d. %A'));
?>

Output is:
2009. november 02. hétfő

Also, this one can be used, if not utf-8 preferred:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'hu_HU.ISO8859-2');
?>

UTF-8 is not supported on windows platforms, so there the iconv workaround must be used:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'hun_hun');
echo(iconv('ISO-8859-2', 'UTF-8',strftime('%Y. %B %d. %A')));
?>

The output is the same as before. Note that, the iconv first parameter is ISO-8859-2 not ISO-8859-1, because the locale is hungarian which uses 8859-2 codepage as default. It is needed for the right accents.

If you want use the same code for Windows and Linux platforms, the second one is the right option (the iconv trick), but the locale configuration must be different (Linux: hu_HU, windows: hun_hun), but in that case the UTF8 tag is not needed for the Linux config.
jjarsater at gmail dot com 20-May-2009 07:01
<?php
// Date string
$timestamp     =     strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Y");

// From this string ($timestamp) can we print
echo strftime("%a %d %b %H:%M:%S %Y", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%a %d %b %H:%M", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%Y-%m-%d", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";
echo strftime("%a %d %b %Y", strtotime($timestamp))."<br/>";

/*And it will output

Wed 20 May 15:53:40 2009
Wed 20 May 15:53
2009-05-20 15:53:40
2009-05-20 15:53
2009-05-20
Wed 20 May 2009

*/
?>
Michael Z. 18-May-2009 03:12
This is so simple it has to be found in one of all the comments on all those different time functions. But since I didn't find it, here it is: Use this to convert between different time formats:

<?PHP
if (!function_exists('convertTime')) {
  /** Converts time strings from one format into another using
   *  PHP formats.
   *
   *  @param String $dformat Format to convert to
   *  @param String $sformat Format to convert from, e.g. format
   *      of $ts
   *  @param String $ts Time string to be converted
   *  @return String Supplied time translated to the format specified
   *    in $dformat
   */
  function convertTime($dformat,$sformat,$ts) {
    extract(strptime($ts,$sformat));
    return strftime($dformat,mktime(
                                  intval($tm_hour),
                                  intval($tm_min),
                                  intval($tm_sec),
                                  intval($tm_mon)+1,
                                  intval($tm_mday),
                                  intval($tm_year)+1900
                                ));
  }
}

/*
 * And for the test....
 */
echo convertTime('%Y-%m-%d','%d.%m.%Y','27.11.2009');
?>

This should print "2009-27-11".

I did not put much effort in this code. The task also seems "too simple to be neccessary". But as I said, I didn't find anything to help me with this.

Cheers,

Michael Z
dapikk[at]gmail[dot]com 16-Mar-2009 02:21
I had a need to subtrackt an older time from current time to get the time between.
Example: If one has worked from 2009-03-16 11:33:54 to 2009-03-16 12:01:54 then he has worked X hours,minutes and seconds. I tried to find that X. And so - one solution would be:
<?php
$start_date = strtotime("2009-03-16 11:33:54"); //start date from database - date("Y-m-d H:i:s") made as UNIX timestamp
$end_date = strtotime("2009-03-16 12:01:54"); //end date from database - date("Y-m-d H:i:s") made as UNIX timestamp
$ajavahe = $end_date - $start_date;
$time_between = gmstrftime('%Hh %Mm %Ss', $ajavahe); //gmstrftime() deals with different timezones correctly. (If in example you would be situated in Estonia and you would use strftime() you get wrong answer off by 2 hrs, because timezone is GMT+2 - with gmstrftime() comes right answer.)

echo 'You have worked: '.$time_between;
?>
Hope that this one makes someones life easier :D
lamb dot dan at gmail dot com 04-Dec-2008 10:37
<?php
/*
*    This function figures out what fiscal year a specified date is in.
*    $inputDate - the date you wish to find the fiscal year for. (12/4/08)
*    $fyStartDate - the month and day your fiscal year starts. (7/1)
*    $fyEndDate - the month and day your fiscal year ends. (6/30)
*    $fy - returns the correct fiscal year
*/
function calculateFiscalYearForDate($inputDate, $fyStart, $fyEnd){
    $date = strtotime($inputDate);
    $inputyear = strftime('%Y',$date);
       
    $fystartdate = strtotime($fyStart.$inputyear);
    $fyenddate = strtotime($fyEnd.$inputyear);

    if($date < $fyenddate){
        $fy = intval($inputyear);
    }else{
        $fy = intval(intval($inputyear) + 1);
    }
   
    return $fy;
   
}

// my fiscal year starts on July,1 and ends on June 30, so...
echo calculateFiscalYearForDate("5/15/08","7/1","6/30");
// returns 2008

echo calculateFiscalYearForDate("12/1/08","7/1","6/30");
// returns 2009
?>
khaled dot ataia at gmail dot com 05-Nov-2008 06:24
for Arabic

<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL,'ar');
echo strftime('%A %d %B %Y');
?>
eljaunis at gmail dot com 22-Oct-2008 03:33
This is what worked in my case:

<?php
    setlocale(LC_ALL, 'es_ES').': ';
    echo iconv('ISO-8859-1', 'UTF-8', strftime('%A %d de %B de %Y', time()));
    ?>

it displays: miércoles 22 de octubre de 2008
buana95 at yahoo dot com 21-Aug-2008 08:51
For windows user:

If you unsuccessfully change date/time format to your locale country using xx_XX format, try using XXX format or ISO-639 country codes format.

See complete list for ISO-639 here: http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm

For example:

<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'IND');
echo strftime("Today in Indonesia is %A");
?>
Josue R. 08-Mar-2008 07:36
Here's a simple version for date formating i use between displaying in HTML and converting back to MYSQL format:

<?php
function format_date($original='', $format="%m/%d/%Y") {
    $format = ($format=='date' ? "%m-%d-%Y" : $format);
    $format = ($format=='datetime' ? "%m-%d-%Y %H:%M:%S" : $format);
    $format = ($format=='mysql-date' ? "%Y-%m-%d" : $format);
    $format = ($format=='mysql-datetime' ? "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" : $format);
    return (!empty($original) ? strftime($format, strtotime($original)) : "" );
}
?>

example (in HTML or webapp):
[grab from database]...
$dbase_stored_date = "2007-03-15";
$display_html_date = format_date($dbase_stored_date);
... displays as "03/15/2007"

example (saving form via on POST/GET):
$update_date = format_date($_POST['display_html_date'], 'mysql-date');
// converts back to '2007-03-15'
.... [your mysql update here]

Don't forget to sanitize your POST/GET's   =)
jerome dot place at free dot fr 07-Nov-2007 12:55
Here is a function to convert dates before 1970, very useful if you are still using php 4 (it is supported in php5) :

<?php
# convert a date to special format
# $date is like 2000-01-01 00:00:00
# $format : refer to strftime function
function convert_date($date,$format) {   
    if($date=='0000-00-00 00:00:00' OR $date=='0000-00-00' OR $date=='' OR $date==NULL) {
        return '';
    }
    else {
        $year=substr($date,0,4);
        if(phpversion() < 5.0 AND $year < 1970) {
           
            $new_date=substr_replace($date,'1980',0,4); # we replace the year by a year after 1970       
            $new_format=eregi_replace('%a|%A|%u','',$format); # we remove days information from the format because they would be wrong
            $new_date=strftime($new_format,strtotime($new_date)); # we convert the date
            $new_date=eregi_replace('1980',$year,$new_date); # we put back the real year
            return $new_date;
        }
        else {
            return strftime($format,strtotime($date));
        }
    }
}
?>
nielsvan den berge at hotmail dot com 31-Aug-2007 06:43
A small function to get the first weekday of the month.
For example the first monday of the month, or the first friday, etc.

<?php 
  /**
   *
   *  Gets the first weekday of that month and year
   *
   *  @param  int   The day of the week (0 = sunday, 1 = monday ... , 6 = saturday)
   *  @param  int   The month (if false use the current month)
   *  @param  int   The year (if false use the current year)
   *
   *  @return int   The timestamp of the first day of that month
   *
   **/ 
  function get_first_day($day_number=1, $month=false, $year=false)
  {
    $month  = ($month === false) ? strftime("%m"): $month;
    $year   = ($year === false) ? strftime("%Y"): $year;
   
    $first_day = 1 + ((7+$day_number - strftime("%w", mktime(0,0,0,$month, 1, $year)))%7);
 
    return mktime(0,0,0,$month, $first_day, $year);
  }

// this will output the first wednesday of january 2007 (wed 03-01-2007)
echo strftime("%a %d-%m-%Y", get_first_day(3, 1, 2007));
?>
ma 28-Aug-2007 05:58
note, that for some languages you MUST set LC_ALL instead of LC_TIME.

note that you further have to explicitly define your output-encoding (default is ISO-8859-1 [which makes problems for some languages])!

at least i expirienced this behaviour on a german WinXP-PHP4 environment:

<?php

// does not work - gives question marks:
setlocale(LC_TIME, 'RUS'); // ISO Alpha-3 is supported by xp
echo strftime('%A', time());

?>

<?php

// DOES work:
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8'); // you could also use another charset here if iconv isn't installed on your system.

echo setlocale(LC_ALL, 'RUS').': ';
echo iconv('windows-1251', 'UTF-8', strftime('%A', time()))."\n";

?>
ben dot holland at thirdlight dot com 21-Jun-2007 05:03
This little function allows you to provide a reasonably human readable string and convert to a timestamp - see example in comments below.

I find it far more useful than having to remember all the '%' modifiers. Am also well aware of its failings but it works in a lot of the real life situations I've come across.

<?php
function AmazingStringFromTime($str, $nTimestamp = null)
{
    // This function reads a human readable string representation of dates. e.g.
    // DD MM YYYY => 01 07 1978
    // DDD D MMM YY => Mon 1 Jul 78
   
    $arrPairs = array(
    "DDDD"  => "%A",
    "DDD"   => "%a",
    "DD"    => "%d",
    "D"     => "%e", // has leading space: ' 1', ' 2', etc for single digit days
    "MMMM"  => "%B",
    "MMM"   => "%b",
    "MM"    => "%m",
    "YYYY"  => "%Y",
    "YY"    => "%y",
    "HH"    => "%H",
    "hh"    => "%I",
    "mm"    => "%M",
    "ss"    => "%S",
    );
   
    $str = str_replace(array_keys($arrPairs), array_values($arrPairs), $str);
    return strftime($str, $nTimestamp);
}
?>
th1nk3r at gmail dot DELETETHIS dot com 20-Jan-2007 09:35
Function strftime() use the locales installed in your system (linux).

If you are like me and only leave in the system the locales you use normally (en_US and your own language locale, like es_ES), you'll only be able to use the locales installed. If your application is translated to other languages, you need these locales too.

The name of the locale in your system is important too. This can be a problem when you want to distribute the app.

If you have this locales in your system:
en_US/ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8
es_ES/ISO-8859-1
es_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15
es_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8
es_ES@euro/UTF-8

and use setlocale('es_ES'), the result will use the iso-8859-1 charset even if you have all your system, files and configuration options in UTF-8. To receive content in UTF-8, in this example, you need to use setlocale('es_ES.UTF-8') or setlocale('es_ES.UTF-8@UTF-8').

The definition of locales can change from one system to another, and so the charset from the results.
denis at spiralsolutions dot com 02-Nov-2006 12:07
(in addition to Andy's post)
To get a RFC 2822 date (used in RSS) of the current local time :

echo strftime ("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z") ;

Note: option %z / %Z - work different on Windows platform, for example
output of this code line can be:
Thu, 02 Nov 2006 09:54:59 Jerusalem Standard Time (on Windows)
Thu, 02 Nov 2006 09:54:59 +0200                   (on Linux)

[red. It is much smarter to use date(DATE_RSS); here]
Jon Keating 17-Jan-2006 05:49
Under windows if you are using Japanese version, you must use the following code:

setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.20932") for EUC
setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.932") for SJIS

I found the following page that helped me with this issue:
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=8329
jw at jwscripts dot com 29-May-2005 06:32
The following function implements the conversion specifiers which are not supported on Win32 platforms:

(Note: the specifiers %V, %G and %g can be implemented using other functions described in this section)

<?php

function strftime_win32($format, $ts = null) {
    if (!$ts) $ts = time();

    $mapping = array(
        '%C' => sprintf("%02d", date("Y", $ts) / 100),
        '%D' => '%m/%d/%y',
        '%e' => sprintf("%' 2d", date("j", $ts)),
        '%h' => '%b',
        '%n' => "\n",
        '%r' => date("h:i:s", $ts) . " %p",
        '%R' => date("H:i", $ts),
        '%t' => "\t",
        '%T' => '%H:%M:%S',
        '%u' => ($w = date("w", $ts)) ? $w : 7
    );
    $format = str_replace(
        array_keys($mapping),
        array_values($mapping),
        $format
    );

    return strftime($format, $ts);
}

?>
neo at gothic-chat d0t de 24-Jun-2004 11:27
To get a RFC 850 date (used in HTTP) of the current time:

gmstrftime ("%A %d-%b-%y %T %Z", time ());

This will get for example:
Friday 25-Jun-04 03:30:23 GMT

Please note that times in HTTP-headers _must_ be GMT, so use gmstrftime() instead of strftime().
vminarik at ips-ag dot cz 10-Sep-2001 06:02
Note that setting LC_TIME is not enough for some locales under Windows, e.g. Czech, because there are some characters not contained in default (US) character set like '�' (c with hook), '�' (r with hook).


If you run Apache as regular application and have set your locale to Czech (ControlPanel/RegionalOptions), there is no problem and 'September' is correctly translated as 'z���', 'Thursday' as '�tvrtek'.
But if you run Apache as service, you get 'z�r�', and 'ctvrtek'.
To get things work as you expect you must set LC_CTYPE beside LC_TIME, or set LC_ALL.

<?php
  $locale = 'Czech_Czech.1250';
  $res = setlocale( 'LC_CTYPE', $locale); //important
  $res = setlocale( 'LC_TIME', $locale);
  echo strftime( '%A %m. %B %Y', mktime( 0,0,0,9,6,2001));
?>
zmajeed at cup dot hp dot com 22-Jul-1999 03:14
Locale names are OS dependent. HP-UX 11.0, for example, has three
German locales, de_DE.roman8, de_DE.iso88591, and
de_DE.iso885915@euro.
The command locale -a will display all available locales on a system.

So on HP-UX, to get German dates:

<?php
setlocale("LC_TIME", "de_DE.roman8");
print(strftime("%A\n"));
?>
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