flock
An addition to my previous note: My statement regarding the FNM_* constants was wrong. They are available on POSIX-compliant systems (in other words, if fnmatch() is defined).
fnmatch
(PHP 4 >= 4.3.0, PHP 5)
fnmatch — Match filename against a pattern
Description
bool fnmatch ( string $pattern, string $string [, int $flags] )fnmatch() checks if the passed string would match the given shell wildcard pattern.
This is especially useful for filenames, but may also be used on regular strings. The average user may be used to shell patterns or at least in their simplest form to '?' and '*' wildcards so using fnmatch() instead of ereg() or preg_match() for frontend search expression input may be way more convenient for non-programming users.
Příklad 494. Checking a color name against a shell wildcard pattern.
<?php
if (fnmatch("*gr[ae]y", $color)) {
echo "some form of gray ...";
}
?>
Varování
For now this function is not available on Windows or other non-POSIX compliant systems.
See also glob(), ereg(), preg_match() and the Unix manpage on fnmatch(3) for flag names (as long as they are not documented here ).
add a note
User Contributed Notesfnmatch
Sinured
19-Mar-2008 02:04
19-Mar-2008 02:04
theboydanny at gmail dot com
29-Nov-2007 10:31
29-Nov-2007 10:31
About the windows compat functions below:
I needed fnmatch for a application that had to work on Windows, took a look here and tested both. Jk's works for me, soywiz didn't (on WinXPSP2, PHP 5.2.3).
The only difference between them is addcslashes (soywiz) instead of preg_quote (jk). They _should_ both work, but for some reason soywiz's didn't for me. So YMMV.
However, to make JK's fnmatch() work with the example in the documentation, you also have to strtr the [ and ] in $pattern.
<?php
$pattern = strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.', '\[' => '[', '\]' => ']'));
?>
And thanks for the functions, guys.
Sinured
30-Jul-2007 10:14
30-Jul-2007 10:14
Possible flags (scratched out of fnmatch.h):
...::...
FNM_PATHNAME:
> Slash in $string only matches slash in $pattern.
FNM_PERIOD:
> Leading period in $string must be exactly matched by period in $pattern.
FNM_NOESCAPE:
> Disable backslash escaping.
FNM_NOSYS:
> Obsolescent.
FNM_FILE_NAME:
> Alias of FNM_PATHNAME.
FNM_LEADING_DIR:
> From fnmatch.h: /* Ignore `/...' after a match. */
FNM_CASEFOLD:
> Caseless match.
Since they’re appearing in file.c, but are not available in PHP, we’ll have to define them ourselves:
<?php
define('FNM_PATHNAME', 1);
define('FNM_PERIOD', 4);
define('FNM_NOESCAPE', 2);
// GNU extensions
define('FNM_FILE_NAME', FNM_PATHNAME);
define('FNM_LEADING_DIR', 8);
define('FNM_CASEFOLD', 16);
?>
I didn’t test any of these except casefold, which worked for me.
Frederik Krautwald
12-Jun-2007 10:30
12-Jun-2007 10:30
soywiz's function still doesn't seem to work -- at least not with PHP 5.2.3 on Windows -- but jk's does.
soywiz at NOSPAM dot php dot net
20-Jan-2007 07:40
20-Jan-2007 07:40
A revised better alternative for fnmatch on windows. It should work well on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match(
'/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '/\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'),
array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string
);
}
}
?>
jk at ricochetsolutions dot com
13-Dec-2006 05:39
13-Dec-2006 05:39
soywiz's function didnt seem to work for me, but this did.
<?php
if(!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return preg_match("#^".strtr(preg_quote($pattern, '#'), array('\*' => '.*', '\?' => '.'))."$#i", $string);
} // end
} // end if
?>
soywiz at php dot net
17-Jul-2006 07:12
17-Jul-2006 07:12
A better "fnmatch" alternative for windows that converts a fnmatch pattern into a preg one. It should work on PHP >= 4.0.0
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
return @preg_match('/^' . strtr(addcslashes($pattern, '\\.+^$(){}=!<>|'), array('*' => '.*', '?' => '.?')) . '$/i', $string);
}
}
?>
jsnell at networkninja dot com
02-Mar-2006 07:12
02-Mar-2006 07:12
The last line of soywiz at gmail dot com windows replacement should be changed to:
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '$/i', $string);
otherwise, a pattern for *.xml will match file.xml~ or any else anything with the text *.xml in it, regardless of position.
soywiz at gmail dot com
26-Jul-2005 04:07
26-Jul-2005 04:07
A "fnmatch" alternative that converts the pattern, to a valid preg one and uses preg_match then. It will work on windows.
<?php
if (!function_exists('fnmatch')) {
function fnmatch($pattern, $string) {
for ($op = 0, $npattern = '', $n = 0, $l = strlen($pattern); $n < $l; $n++) {
switch ($c = $pattern[$n]) {
case '\\':
$npattern .= '\\' . @$pattern[++$n];
break;
case '.': case '+': case '^': case '$': case '(': case ')': case '{': case '}': case '=': case '!': case '<': case '>': case '|':
$npattern .= '\\' . $c;
break;
case '?': case '*':
$npattern .= '.' . $c;
break;
case '[': case ']': default:
$npattern .= $c;
if ($c == '[') {
$op++;
} else if ($c == ']') {
if ($op == 0) return false;
$op--;
}
break;
}
}
if ($op != 0) return false;
return preg_match('/' . $npattern . '/i', $string);
}
}
?>
phlipping at yahoo dot com
06-Aug-2003 03:59
06-Aug-2003 03:59
you couls also try this function that I wrote before I found fnmatch:
function WildToReg($str)
{
$s = "";
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); $i++)
{
$c = $str{$i};
if ($c =='?')
$s .= '.'; // any character
else if ($c == '*')
$s .= '.*'; // 0 or more any characters
else if ($c == '[' || $c == ']')
$s .= $c; // one of characters within []
else
$s .= '\\' . $c;
}
$s = '^' . $s . '$';
//trim redundant ^ or $
//eg ^.*\.txt$ matches exactly the same as \.txt$
if (substr($s,0,3) == "^.*")
$s = substr($s,3);
if (substr($s,-3,3) == ".*$")
$s = substr($s,0,-3);
return $s;
}
if (ereg(WildToReg("*.txt"), $fn))
print "$fn is a text file";
else
print "$fn is not a text file";