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checkdnsrr> <ncurses_wvline
Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007

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네트워크 함수

소개

요구 조건

이 확장을 빌드할 때 외부 라이브러리가 필요하지 않습니다.

설치

이 함수들은 설치하지 않아도 사용할 수 있습니다; PHP 코어의 일부입니다.

실행시 설정

이 함수의 작동은 php.ini 설정에 영향을 받습니다.

Network Configuration Options
Name Default Changeable Changelog
define_syslog_variables "0" PHP_INI_ALL  
PHP_INI_* 상수에 대한 자세한 상세와 정의는 php.ini directives를 참고하십시오.

위 설정 지시어에 대한 간단한 설명입니다.

define_syslog_variables boolean

Whether or not to define the various syslog variables (e.g. $LOG_PID, $LOG_CRON, etc.). Turning it off is a good idea performance-wise. At runtime, you can define these variables by calling define_syslog_variables().

자원형

이 확장은 리소스형을 정의하지 않습니다.

예약 상수

아래 상수들은 PHP 코어의 일부로, 항상 사용할 수 있습니다.

openlog() Options
Constant Description
LOG_CONS if there is an error while sending data to the system logger, write directly to the system console
LOG_NDELAY open the connection to the logger immediately
LOG_ODELAY (default) delay opening the connection until the first message is logged
LOG_NOWAIT
LOG_PERROR print log message also to standard error
LOG_PID include PID with each message
openlog() Facilities
Constant Description
LOG_AUTH security/authorization messages (use LOG_AUTHPRIV instead in systems where that constant is defined)
LOG_AUTHPRIV security/authorization messages (private)
LOG_CRON clock daemon (cron and at)
LOG_DAEMON other system daemons
LOG_KERN kernel messages
LOG_LOCAL0 ... LOG_LOCAL7 reserved for local use, these are not available in Windows
LOG_LPR line printer subsystem
LOG_MAIL mail subsystem
LOG_NEWS USENET news subsystem
LOG_SYSLOG messages generated internally by syslogd
LOG_USER generic user-level messages
LOG_UUCP UUCP subsystem
syslog() Priorities (in descending order)
Constant Description
LOG_EMERG system is unusable
LOG_ALERT action must be taken immediately
LOG_CRIT critical conditions
LOG_ERR error conditions
LOG_WARNING warning conditions
LOG_NOTICE normal, but significant, condition
LOG_INFO informational message
LOG_DEBUG debug-level message
dns_get_record() Options
Constant Description
DNS_A IPv4 Address Resource
DNS_MX Mail Exchanger Resource
DNS_CNAME Alias (Canonical Name) Resource
DNS_NS Authoritative Name Server Resource
DNS_PTR Pointer Resource
DNS_HINFO Host Info Resource (See IANA's » Operating System Names for the meaning of these values)
DNS_SOA Start of Authority Resource
DNS_TXT Text Resource
DNS_ANY Any Resource Record. On most systems this returns all resource records, however it should not be counted upon for critical uses. Try DNS_ALL instead.
DNS_AAAA IPv6 Address Resource
DNS_ALL Iteratively query the name server for each available record type.

Table of Contents

  • checkdnsrr — 인터넷 호스트 네임이나 IP 어드레스에 대응되는 DNS 레코드를 체크함
  • closelog — 시스템 로그에 기록을 못하도록 연결을 닫습니다.
  • debugger_off — PHP 내부 디버거 사용을 멈춥니다.
  • debugger_on — PHP 내부 디버거를 사용합니다.
  • define_syslog_variables — syslog에 연관된 모든 상수를 초기화합니다.
  • dns_check_record — Alias of checkdnsrr
  • dns_get_mx — Alias of getmxrr
  • dns_get_record — Fetch DNS Resource Records associated with a hostname
  • fsockopen — 인터넷이나 유닉스 도메인의 소켓 연결을 열어줍니다.
  • gethostbyaddr — 주어진 IP 어드레스에 대응이 되는 인터넷 호스트 이름을 가져옵니다.
  • gethostbyname — 주어진 인터넷 호스트 이름에 대응되는 IP 어드레스를 가져옵니다.
  • gethostbynamel — 주어진 인터넷 호스트 이름에 대응이 되는 IP 어드레스의 목록을 가져옵니다.
  • getmxrr — 주어진 인터넷 호스트 이름에 대응이 되는 MX 레코드를 가져옵니다.
  • getprotobyname — 프로토콜과 조합된 프로토콜 번호를 가져옵니다.
  • getprotobynumber — 프로토콜 번호와 조합된 프로토콜의 이름을 가져옵니다.
  • getservbyname — 인터넷 서비스와 프로토콜과 조합이 되어있는 포트 번호를 가져옵니다.
  • getservbyport — 포트와 프로토콜에 대응이 되는 인터넷 서비스를 가져옵니다.
  • header — Send a raw HTTP header
  • headers_list — Returns a list of response headers sent (or ready to send)
  • headers_sent — Checks if or where headers have been sent
  • inet_ntop — Converts a packed internet address to a human readable representation
  • inet_pton — Converts a human readable IP address to its packed in_addr representation
  • ip2long — (IPv4) 인터넷 프로토콜의 점이 찍혀 있는 주소를 포함한 문자열을 고유의 주소로 바꾸어줍니다.
  • long2ip — (IPv4) 인터넷 네크워크 주소를 인터넷 표준의 점이 찍혀있는 문자열로 바꿉니다.
  • openlog — 시스템 로그에 연결합니다
  • pfsockopen — 지속적인 인터넷이나 유닉스 소켓 연결을 엽니다.
  • setcookie — Send a cookie
  • setrawcookie — Send a cookie without urlencoding the cookie value
  • socket_get_status — 존재하는 소켓의 자원에 대한 정보를 반환합니다.
  • socket_set_blocking — 소켓의 모드를 설정 (blocking 모드/ non-blocking 모드)
  • socket_set_timeout — 소켓에서의 시간초과 주기
  • syslog — 시스템 로그 메시지를 생성합니다.


checkdnsrr> <ncurses_wvline
Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007
 
add a note add a note User Contributed Notes
네트워크
David GASTALDIN
21-Jun-2007 08:12
Here a IP-Range to CIDRs function that I wrote for the purpose of filling my Postfix client.cidr with ripe-ncc data to block spamming from useless countries. Strcmp functions are meant to work around the silly PHP string comparison which inevitably tries compare strings as numbers when possible. I'll make no comment about that fact ... bit I have to bite my tong hard :

function PlageVersCIDRs($ip_min, $ip_max) {
    $cidrs = array();
    $ip_min_bin = sprintf('%032b', $ip_min);
    $ip_max_bin = sprintf('%032b', $ip_max);
    $ip_cour_bin = $ip_min_bin;
    while (strcmp($ip_cour_bin, $ip_max_bin) <= 0) {
        $lng_reseau = 32;
        $ip_reseau_bin = $ip_cour_bin;
        while (($ip_cour_bin[$lng_reseau - 1] == '0') && (strcmp(substr_replace($ip_reseau_bin, '1', $lng_reseau - 1, 1), $ip_max_bin) <= 0)) {
            $ip_reseau_bin[$lng_reseau - 1] = '1';
            $lng_reseau--;
        }
        $cidrs[] = long2ip(bindec($ip_cour_bin)).'/'.$lng_reseau;
        $ip_cour_bin = sprintf('%032b', bindec($ip_reseau_bin) + 1);
    }
    return $cidrs;
}
claudiu at cnixs dot com
22-Apr-2007 02:52
A simple and very fast function to check against CIDR.

Your previous examples are too complicated and involves a lot of functions call.

Here it is (only with arithmetic operators and call only to ip2long () and split() ):
<?php
 
function ipCIDRCheck ($IP, $CIDR) {
    list (
$net, $mask) = split ("/", $CIDR);
   
   
$ip_net = ip2long ($net);
   
$ip_mask = ~((1 << (32 - $mask)) - 1);

   
$ip_ip = ip2long ($IP);

   
$ip_ip_net = $ip_ip & $ip_mask;

    return (
$ip_ip_net == $ip_net);
  }
?>
call example: <?php echo ipCheck ("192.168.1.23", "192.168.1.0/24"); ?>
dand at ddchosting.com
08-Apr-2006 02:28
When I was working on a project I ran into this problem with redirecting. My solution is as follows:
header("Refresh: 5; url=../main/main.php?".session_id()."");

This allowed me to pass the session_id() which is used throughout site to make sure user has loged in.
I hope this helps!
metator at netcabo dot pt
28-Jul-2005 07:34
Ups. The function has a bug, though the example still works with it. Just replace the $_POST variables by the function parameters.

<?
function isIPIn($ip, $net, $mask) {
   //doesn't check for the return value of ip2long
   $ip = ip2long($ip);
   $rede = ip2long($net);
   $mask = ip2long($mask);
 
   //AND
   $res = $ip & $mask;
 
   return ($res == $rede);
}
?>
metator at netcabo dot pt
27-Jul-2005 08:22
Regarding samuele's note:

You can get faster code if you apply directly what happens in  network devices, such as routers. If you AND (logic operation) the remote ip against the local netmask the result will be the network ip if the remote ip is from the local network. Example:

    192.168.0.16 = 11000000.10101000.00000000.00010000
& 255.255.255.0 = 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
--------------------------------------------------------------
   192.168.0.0 = 11000000.10101000.00000000.00000000

And now the code. My example uses a html form where you place the values you want to test:

<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Check IP</TITLE>
</HEAD><BODY>
    <form action="<?php echo $_SERVER['PHP_SELF']; ?>" method="POST">

Hope you find this useful.
        IP to check: <input type="text" name="ip"> <br>
        Local network ip: <input type="text" name="net"> <br>
        Local netmask: <input type="text" name="mask"> <br>
        <input type="submit" name="check" value="Check it!">
    </form>
    <?php

/**
 * @param string $ip IP to check in dotted decimal format
 * @param string $net Network IP in dotted decimal format
 * @param string $mask Netmask in dotted decimal format
 * @returns true if the ip belongs to the network, false otherwise
 **/
function isIPIn($ip, $net, $mask) {
   
//doesn't check for the return value of ip2long
   
$ip = ip2long($_POST['ip']);
   
$rede = ip2long($_POST['net']);
   
$mask = ip2long($_POST['mask']);
   
   
//AND
   
$res = $ip & $mask;
   
    return (
$res == $rede);
}

if (isset(
$_POST['check'])) {
     echo
isIPIn($_POST['ip'], $_POST['net'], $_POST['mask']) ? "IP IN.": "IP OUT.";
}
 
?>
</BODY><HTML>
nexxer at rogers dot com
24-Feb-2005 05:16
In Trevor Hemsley's translation of the perl range2cidr function, the

while ($end > $start)

condition should be

while ($end >= $start)

otherwise it won't work for /32s, ie if you feed range2cidr("1.2.3.4", "1.2.3.4").

-- nex
samuele at norsam dot org
25-Nov-2003 09:01
To find if an IP is in a net/mask (very fast):
<?php
function isIPIn($ip,$net,$mask) {
  
$lnet=ip2long($net);
  
$lip=ip2long($ip);
  
$binnet=str_pad( decbin($lnet),32,"0","STR_PAD_LEFT" );
  
$firstpart=substr($binnet,0,$mask);
  
$binip=str_pad( decbin($lip),32,"0","STR_PAD_LEFT" );
  
$firstip=substr($binip,0,$mask);
   return(
strcmp($firstpart,$firstip)==0);
   }
?>

This function can be compacted, avoiding some variable settings, but the function will not be too clear to read...
Example code, used to made a kind of location service network-based:

<?php
$n
= array ( "192.168.0.0/16"   => "TUSCANY",
            
"192.168.1.0/24"   => "- Florence",
            
"192.168.2.0/24"   => "- Pisa",
            
"192.168.3.0/24"   => "- Siena",
            
"192.168.64.0/21" => "- Tuscan Archipelago",
            
"192.168.64.0/23" => "--- Elba Island",
            
"192.168.66.0/24" => "--- Capraia Island",
            
"192.168.67.0/24" => "--- Giannutri Island");

// Normally you should use the following line
$myip = $HTTP_SERVER_VARS['REMOTE_ADDR'];
// This is first example: returns Tuscany/Pisa
$myip = "192.168.2.33";
// This is second example: returns Tuscany/T.Arch./Elba
$myip = "192.168.65.34";

echo
"Your position:<br />\n";
foreach (
$n as $k=>$v ) {
   list(
$net,$mask)=split("/",$k);
   if (
isIPIn($myip,$net,$mask)) {
       echo
$n[$k]."<br />\n"; }
   }
?>

and so on...
null at tty dot net dot ru
13-Oct-2003 04:51
Ported Net::Netmask perl module:
http://null.pp.ru/src/php/Netmask.phps
anderson at piq dot com dot br
06-Aug-2003 10:10
If you want to get the interface of an IP, based on the local route table, use this.

function GetIfaceforIP($user_ip)
{
    $route = "/bin/netstat -rn";

    exec($route, $aoutput);
    foreach($aoutput as $key => $line)
    {
        if($key > 1)
        {
            $line = ereg_replace("[[:space:]]+",",",$line);
            list($network, $gateway, $mask, $flags, $mss, $window, $irtt, $iface) = explode(",", $line)
            if((ip2long($user_ip) & ip2long($mask)) == ip2long($network))
            {
                return $iface;
            }
        }
    }
}
02-Apr-2003 08:11
Alternative cidr_conv function - a little easier to follow

function cidr_conv($cidr_address) {
  $first = substr($cidr_address, 0, strpos($cidr_address, "/"));
  $netmask = substr(strstr($cidr_address, "/"), 1);

  $first_bin = str_pad(decbin(ip2long($first)), 32, "0", STR_PAD_LEFT);
  $netmask_bin = str_pad(str_repeat("1", (integer)$netmask), 32, "0", STR_PAD_RIGHT);
 
  for ($i = 0; $i < 32; $i++) {
    if ($netmask_bin[$i] == "1")
      $last_bin .= $first_bin[$i];
    else
      $last_bin .= "1";
  }

  $last = long2ip(bindec($last_bin));

  return "$first - $last";
}
trevor-hemsley at nospam dot dial dot pipex dot com
16-Oct-2002 11:53
Previous example of IP range to CIDR list does not cope with ranges as well as the perl Net::Netmask range2cidrlist() function. In PHP this looks like

<?
function imask($this)
{
// use base_convert not dechex because dechex is broken and returns 0x80000000 instead of 0xffffffff
return base_convert((pow(2,32) - pow(2, (32-$this)))), 10, 16);
}

function imaxblock($ibase, $tbit)
{
while ($tbit > 0)
{
$im = hexdec(imask($tbit-1));
$imand = $ibase & $im;
if ($imand != $ibase)
{
break;
}
$tbit--;
}
return $tbit;
}

function range2cidrlist($istart, $iend)
{
// this function returns an array of cidr lists that map the range given
$s = explode(".", $istart);
// PHP ip2long does not handle leading zeros on IP addresses! 172.016 comes back as 172.14, seems to be treated as octal!
$start = "";
$dot = "";
while (list($key,$val) = each($s))
{
$start = sprintf("%s%s%d",$start,$dot,$val);
$dot = ".";
}
$end = "";
$dot = "";
$e = explode(".",$iend);
while (list($key,$val) = each($e))
{
$end = sprintf("%s%s%d",$end,$dot,$val);
$dot = ".";
}
$start = ip2long($start);
$end = ip2long($end);
$result = array();
while ($end > $start)
{
$maxsize = imaxblock($start,32);
$x = log($end - $start + 1)/log(2);
$maxdiff = floor(32 - floor($x));
$ip = long2ip($start);
if ($maxsize < $maxdiff)
{
$maxsize = $maxdiff;
}
array_push($result,"$ip/$maxsize");
$start += pow(2, (32-$maxsize));
}
return $result;
}
?>
philippe-at-cyberabuse.org
12-Oct-2002 03:49
... and this one will do the opposite (o return NULL for invalid netblocks) :

1.0.0.0 1.0.255.255 -> 1.0.0.0/16
1.0.0.0 1.3.255.255 -> 1.0.0.0/14
192.168.0.0 192.168.0.255 -> 192.168.0.0/24

function ip2cidr($ip_start,$ip_end) {
if(long2ip(ip2long($ip_start))!=$ip_start or long2ip(ip2long($ip_end))!=$ip_end) return NULL;
$ipl_start=(int)ip2long($ip_start);
$ipl_end=(int)ip2long($ip_end);
if($ipl_start>0 && $ipl_end<0) $delta=($ipl_end+4294967296)-$ipl_start;
else $delta=$ipl_end-$ipl_start;
$netmask=str_pad(decbin($delta),32,"0","STR_PAD_LEFT");
if(ip2long($ip_start)==0 && substr_count($netmask,"1")==32) return "0.0.0.0/0";
if($delta<0 or ($delta>0 && $delta%2==0)) return NULL;
for($mask=0;$mask<32;$mask++) if($netmask[$mask]==1) break;
if(substr_count($netmask,"0")!=$mask) return NULL;
return "$ip_start/$mask";
}
philippe-at-cyberabuse.org
14-Dec-2001 07:46
PHP miss CIDR functions.

This one will convert a CIDR like this:
0.0.0.0/16 -> 0.0.0.0 - 0.0.255.255
127.0/16 -> 127.0.0.0 - 127.0.255.255
etc...

function cidrconv($net) {
$start=strtok($net,"/");
$n=3-substr_count($net, ".");
if ($n>0) { for ($i=$n;$i>0;$i--) $start.=".0"; }
$bits1=str_pad(decbin(ip2long($start)),32,"0","STR_PAD_LEFT");
$net=pow(2,(32-substr(strstr($net,"/"),1)))-1;
$bits2=str_pad(decbin($net),32,"0","STR_PAD_LEFT");
for ($i=0;$i<32;$i++) {
if ($bits1[$i]==$bits2[$i]) $final.=$bits1[$i];
if ($bits1[$i]==1 and $bits2[$i]==0) $final.=$bits1[$i];
if ($bits1[$i]==0 and $bits2[$i]==1) $final.=$bits2[$i];
}
return $start." - ".long2ip(bindec($final));
}

checkdnsrr> <ncurses_wvline
Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007
 
 
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