Last updated: Fri, 10 Jul 2009

oci_connect

(PHP 5, PECL oci8 >= 1.1.0)

oci_connect — Establishes a connection to the Oracle server

Descrierea

resource oci_connect ( string $username , string $password [, string $db [, string $charset [, int $session_mode ]]] )

Returns a connection identifier needed for most other OCI calls.

Parametri

username

The Oracle user name.

password

The password for username .

db

This optional parameter can either contain the name of the local Oracle instance or the name of the entry in tnsnames.ora.

If the not specified, PHP uses environment variables ORACLE_SID and TWO_TASK to determine the name of local Oracle instance and location of tnsnames.ora accordingly.

charset

Utilizând Oracle server de versiune 9.2 sau ulterioară, puteţi să indicaţi charset în calitate de parametru, care va fi utilizat în noua conexiune. Dacă utilizaţi Oracle server < 9.2, acest parametru va fi ignorat şi în loc va fi utilizată variabila de mediu NLS_LANG.

session_mode

This parameter is available since version 1.1 and accepts the following values: OCI_DEFAULT, OCI_SYSOPER and OCI_SYSDBA. If either OCI_SYSOPER or OCI_SYSDBA were specified, this function will try to establish privileged connection using external credentials. Privileged connections are disabled by default. To enable them you need to set oci8.privileged_connect to On.

Valorile întroarse

Returns a connection identifier or FALSE on error.

Exemple

Example #1 oci_connect() example


<?php
echo "<pre>";
$db = "";

$c1 = oci_connect("scott", "tiger", $db);
$c2 = oci_connect("scott", "tiger", $db);

function create_table($conn)
{
  $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "create table scott.hallo (test varchar2(64))");
  oci_execute($stmt);
  echo $conn . " created table\n\n";
}

function drop_table($conn)
{
  $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "drop table scott.hallo");
  oci_execute($stmt);
  echo $conn . " dropped table\n\n";
}

function insert_data($conn)
{
  $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "insert into scott.hallo
            values('$conn' || ' ' || to_char(sysdate,'DD-MON-YY HH24:MI:SS'))");
  oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo $conn . " inserted hallo\n\n";
}

function delete_data($conn)
{
  $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "delete from scott.hallo");
  oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo $conn . " deleted hallo\n\n";
}

function commit($conn)
{
  oci_commit($conn);
  echo $conn . " committed\n\n";
}

function rollback($conn)
{
  oci_rollback($conn);
  echo $conn . " rollback\n\n";
}

function select_data($conn)
{
  $stmt = oci_parse($conn, "select * from scott.hallo");
  oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
  echo $conn."----selecting\n\n";
  while (oci_fetch($stmt)) {
    echo $conn . " [" . oci_result($stmt, "TEST") . "]\n\n";
  }
  echo $conn . "----done\n\n";
}

create_table($c1);
insert_data($c1);   // Insert a row using c1
insert_data($c2);   // Insert a row using c2

select_data($c1);   // Results of both inserts are returned
select_data($c2);

rollback($c1);      // Rollback using c1

select_data($c1);   // Both inserts have been rolled back
select_data($c2);

insert_data($c2);   // Insert a row using c2
commit($c2);        // Commit using c2

select_data($c1);   // Result of c2 insert is returned

delete_data($c1);   // Delete all rows in table using c1
select_data($c1);   // No rows returned
select_data($c2);   // No rows returned
commit($c1);        // Commit using c1

select_data($c1);   // No rows returned
select_data($c2);   // No rows returned

drop_table($c1);
echo "</pre>";
?>

Note

Notă: If you're using PHP with Oracle Instant Client, you can use easy connect naming method described here: » http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B12037_01/network.101/b10775/naming.htm#i498306. Basically this means you can specify "//db_host[:port]/database_name" as database name. But if you want to use the old way of naming you must set either ORACLE_HOME or TNS_ADMIN.

Notă: The second and subsequent calls to oci_connect() with the same parameters will return the connection handle returned from the first call. This means that queries issued against one handle are also applied to the other handles, because they are the same handle. This behaviour is demonstrated in Example 1 below. If you require two handles to be transactionally isolated from each other, you should use oci_new_connect() instead.

Notă: In PHP versions before 5.0.0 you must use ocilogon() instead. This name still can be used, it was left as the alias of oci_connect() for downwards compatability. This, however, is deprecated and not recommended.

Vedeţi de asemenea

oci_pconnect() - Connect to an Oracle database using a persistent connection
oci_new_connect() - Establishes a new connection to the Oracle server
oci_close() - Closes Oracle connection

oci_define_by_name

oci_commit

Last updated: Fri, 10 Jul 2009

add a note User Contributed Notes
oci_connect

drew dot carmichael at gmail dot com
03-Jul-2009 08:55


When using the OCI_CRED_EXT in php 

if the ENV $ORACLE_SID is set the DB does not need to be specified explicitly and the connection will fail unless you provide a NULL DB value when creating the connection. 



The $ORACLE_SID trumps the TNS name look up for the connection. So even a manual connection string in the DB parameter will fail.



So when the $ORACLE_SID Env is set a NULL passed instead of the DB name connects successfully. 



Hope this saves some hair pulling when moving to %.3 and OS Authentications

Leandro da Cunha Campos
11-May-2009 06:04


ONE ALTERNATIVE OF CONNECT IN ORACLE RAC "Real Application Clusters"





<?php


$dbstr ="(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =ip1)(PORT = 1521))


(CONNECT_DATA =


(SERVER = DEDICATED)


(SERVICE_NAME = banco)


(INSTANCE_NAME = banco1)))"; 


 


$dbstr1 ="(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =ip2)(PORT = 1521))


(CONNECT_DATA =


(SERVER = DEDICATED)


(SERVICE_NAME = banco)


(INSTANCE_NAME = banco2)))"; 


 


if(!@($conn = oci_connect('user','password',$dbstr1)))


{ $conn = oci_connect('user','password',$dbstr) or die (ocierror()); }


?>

jstokes at heartofthefyre dot us
01-Apr-2009 08:40


The docs seem short on information if you want to connect to an Oracle database on a different host. Here's the info shamelessly copied from The Underground PHP Oracle Manual:



If you are running Oracle Database XE on a machine called mymachine, and the PHP-enabled web server is

on the same machine, you could connect to the HR schema with:

$c = oci_connect('hr', 'hrpwd', 'mymachine/XE');



In this guide, we assume the database is on the same machine as Apache and PHP so we use localhost:

$c = oci_connect('hr', 'hrpwd', 'localhost/XE');



Depending on your network configuration, you may need to use the equivalent IP address:

$c = oci_connect('hr', 'hrpwd', '127.0.0.1/XE');



The Easy Connect string is JDBC-like. The Oracle 10g syntax is:

[//]host_name[:port][/service_name]



If PHP links with Oracle 11g libraries, the enhanced 11g syntax can be used:

[//]host_name[:port][/service_name][:server_type][/instance_name]

Pascal
26-Jan-2009 05:59


Regarding the character set the is to be specified, it should be noted that it has to be the character set the client wishes to recieve and not the character set of the database.  



Using this parameter, Oracle will convert the character set of the internal database to the character set specified by the client in this parameter.

nicodenboer (at) yahoo (dot) com
22-Nov-2008 05:35


Hi, I use Oracle Database 10g Express Edition Release

10.2.0.1.0 on a Linux workstation for dev purposes, along

with Apache 2 and PHP5. So far I have used it on Kubuntu 8.04.

To get things working on a recently installed notebook with openSUSE 

11.0 was a bit more complicated. So I hope someone will be able to 

benefit from our experiences. Here is our howto:



# Use the package manager to install the packages php5-pear and

php5-dev, if not installed yet.



# Download the instantclient_11_1, zip files basic, sdk, sqlplus from the Oracle web site



# Switch to user root here, since not all commands to some work sudo



# Unzip these files to /opt/oracle/.

# As a result you will see a dir instantclient_11_1 appearing.



ln -s /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_1/libclntsh.so.11.1 \

   /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_1/libclntsh.so  

ln -s /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_1/libclntsh.so.11.1 \

   /usr/lib/libclntsh.so

ln -s /opt/oracle/instantclient_11_1/libnnz11.so \

   /usr/lib/libnnz11.so

ldconfig # to make sure the system will be able to find the libs



pecl install oci8 # interactively enter option 1,

# then instantclient,/opt/oracle/instantclient_11_1,

# then enter



# if needed, add extension=oci8.so to your php.ini



/etc/init.d/apache2 reload



# finished!



Kind regards,

Nico den Boer

sixd at php dot net
21-Jul-2008 08:16


From PHP 5.3 onwards:



A new OCI_CRED_EXT flag can be passed as the "session_mode" parameter

to oci_connect(), oci_new_connect() and oci_pconnect().



  $c1 = oci_connect("/", "", $db, null, OCI_CRED_EXT);



This tells Oracle to do external or OS authentication, if configured

in the database.



OCI_CRED_EXT can only be used with username of "/" and a empty

password.  Oci8.privileged_connection may be On or Off.  



OCI_CRED_EXT is not supported on Windows for security reasons.



The new flag may be combined with the existing OCI_SYSOPER or

OCI_SYSDBA modes (note: oci8.privileged_connection needs to be On for

OCI_SYSDBA and OCI_SYSOPER), e.g.:



  $c1 = oci_connect("/", "", $db, null, OCI_CRED_EXT+OCI_SYSOPER);

sixd at php dot net
30-Jun-2008 11:33


If you want to specify a connection timeout in case there is network problem, you can edit the client side (e.g. PHP side) sqlnet.ora file and set SQLNET.OUTBOUND_CONNECT_TIMEOUT. This sets the upper time limit for establishing a connection right through to the DB, including the time for attempts to connect to other services.   It is available from Oracle 10.2.0.3 onwards.



In Oracle 11.1, a slightly lighter-weight solution TCP.CONNECT_TIMEOUT was introduced.  It also is a sqlnet.ora parameter.  It bounds just the TCP connection establishment time, which is mostly where connection problem are seen.



The client sqlnet.ora file should be put in the same directory as the tnsnames.ora file.

sxid at php dot net
20-Jun-2008 10:46


If PHP is built with Oracle 9.2 or greater client libraries, the

charset parameter is used to determine the character set used by the

Oracle client libraries.  When PHP is built with older Oracle client

libraries, or if the parameter is not passed, Oracle NLS environment

variables such as NLS_LANG will be used to determine the character

set.



The character set does not need to match that used by the database.

If it doesn't, Oracle will do its best to convert data to and from the

database character set.  Depending on the character sets, this may not

which may always be give usable or valid results, and it can reduce

overall performance



Because passing the parameter removes the environment look up, it can

improve connection performance

sebastien.barbieri _at_ gmail dot com
13-Sep-2006 04:42


When you are using Oracle 9.2+ I would say that you MUST use the CHARSET parameter.



Of course, you will not notice it until there is accented character... so just specify it and you will avoid a big headache.



So for example here is our Oracle internal conf:

select * from nls_database_parameters;

 

PARAMETER                      VALUE

------------------------------ ----------------------------------------

…

NLS_LANGUAGE                   AMERICAN

NLS_TERRITORY                  AMERICA

NLS_ISO_CURRENCY               AMERICA

NLS_CHARACTERSET               WE8ISO8859P15

…

 

And there our oci_connect call:



$dbch=ocilogon($user,$pass,$connectString,"WE8ISO8859P15");



Without that, you will get question mark (inversed), squares… instead of most accented character.



Don’t forget to use that for writing as well as for reading.

greatval <wow> gmail <dot> com
24-Jul-2006 04:30


For use PHPv5 functions in PHPv4 i use simple script:

<?php

$funcs=array(

        'oci_connect'=>'OCILogon',

        'oci_parse'=>'OCIParse',

        'oci_execute'=>'OCIExecute',

        'oci_fetch'=>'OCIFetch',

        'oci_num_fields'=>'OCINumCols',

        'oci_field_name'=>'OCIColumnName',

        'oci_result'=>'OCIResult',

        'oci_free_statement'=>'OCIFreeStatement',

);

// yoy can add yours pairs of funcs.



foreach ($funcs as $k=>$v)

    {

        if (!function_exists($k))

            {

                $arg_string='$p0';

                for ($i=1;$i<20;$i++) {

                    $arg_string.=',$p'.$i;

                }

                eval ('function '.$k.' () {

                        list('.$arg_string.')=func_get_args();

                        return '.$v.'('.$arg_string.');

                        }

                ');

            }

    }

?>



simple, but it work. :-)

Javi Ros
02-Jun-2006 02:49


Here are the translate of some functions from ORA to OCI:





<?php


function Ora_Logon($usuario, $password)


{


        $con = oci_connect($usuario,$password);


        return $con;


}





function Ora_Open($conexion) {


        $cursor[0]=$conexion;


        return $cursor;


}





function Ora_Parse(&$cursor, $consulta) {


        $cursor[1]=oci_parse($cursor[0],$consulta);


        return $cursor;


}





function Ora_Exec(&$cursor) {


        oci_execute($cursor[1]);


        $cursor[2]=1;


        return $cursor;


}





function Ora_Fetch(&$cursor)


{


        if ($cursor[2] == 1) $cursor[2]=0;


        return oci_fetch($cursor[1]);


}





function Ora_GetColumn(&$cursor, $indice)


{


        if ($cursor[2] == 1) {


                Ora_Fetch($cursor);


                $cursor[2]=0;


        }


        $valor = oci_result($cursor[1],$indice+1);


        return $valor;


}





function Ora_Close(&$cursor)


{


        unset($cursor[1]);


}





function Ora_Logoff($conexion) {


}


?>

Andrei
07-Nov-2005 01:08


lost oracle connection. need restart apache?



Temporarely you can prevent 'connection lost' by using folowing script (use it at your own risk):



<?php

$rnum=rand(0,99999999);

$dbcon = oci_new_connect('XXXXX', 'XXXXXX',

'

(DESCRIPTION =

           (ADDRESS = 

        (PROTOCOL = TCP)

        (HOST = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX)

        (PORT = 1521)

        (HASH = '.$rnum.')

     )

         (CONNECT_DATA =(SID = XXX))

     )

');

?>

Domenico a01b20_NOSPAM_ at iol dot it
07-Nov-2005 08:44


This note is an addendum to note#58378

Seems to be a good workaround set the oracle_home and/instead of the tns_admin.

tnsnames.ora must to be located in 

$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

and in

$TNS_ADMIN/ (if you use it)



---

Best Regards,

Domenico

a01b02_NO_SPAM at iol dot it
02-Nov-2005 10:44


Using tnsnames.ora

Apache 2 

php 5.0.5

Oracle 10 IstantClient



PHP half of times return this error:



OCISessionBegin: ORA-24327: need explicit attach before authenticating a user in ... 



In Oracle manual I find:



ORA-24327 need explicit attach before authenticating a user



    Cause: A server context must be initialized before creating a session.

    Action: Create and initialize a server handle.



I resolved using Easy Connect Naming Method.



Notice of this problem in bug#29779.



---

Best Regards,

Domenico

Chris
28-Oct-2005 12:19


Our tnsnames.ora uses the SERVICE_NAME=mydb - which for some reason wont work with PHP even though it works fine with tnsping. Using SID=mydb worked and a connection was established.

add a note

oci_define_by_name

oci_commit

Last updated: Fri, 10 Jul 2009