Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007

pg_pconnect

(PHP 4, PHP 5)

pg_pconnect — Open a persistent PostgreSQL connection

Popis

resource pg_pconnect ( string $connection_string [, int $connect_type ] )

pg_pconnect() opens a connection to a PostgreSQL database. It returns a connection resource that is needed by other PostgreSQL functions.

If a second call is made to pg_pconnect() with the same connection_string as an existing connection, the existing connection will be returned unless you pass PGSQL_CONNECT_FORCE_NEW as connect_type .

To enable persistent connection, the pgsql.allow_persistent php.ini directive must be set to "On" (which is the default). The maximum number of persistent connection can be defined with the pgsql.max_persistent php.ini directive (defaults to -1 for no limit). The total number of connections can be set with the pgsql.max_links php.ini directive.

pg_close() will not close persistent links generated by pg_pconnect().

Parametre

connection_string

The connection_string can be empty to use all default parameters, or it can contain one or more parameter settings separated by whitespace. Each parameter setting is in the form keyword = value. Spaces around the equal sign are optional. To write an empty value or a value containing spaces, surround it with single quotes, e.g., keyword = 'a value'. Single quotes and backslashes within the value must be escaped with a backslash, i.e., \' and \\.

The currently recognized parameter keywords are: host , hostaddr , port , dbname , user , password , connect_timeout , options , tty (ignored), sslmode , requiressl (deprecated in favor of sslmode ), and service . Which of these arguments exist depends on your PostgreSQL version.

connect_type

If PGSQL_CONNECT_FORCE_NEW is passed, then a new connection is created, even if the connection_string is identical to an existing connection.

Vrátené hodnoty

PostgreSQL connection resource on success, FALSE on failure.

Príklady

Example#1 Using pg_pconnect()


<?php
$dbconn = pg_pconnect("dbname=mary");
//connect to a database named "mary"

$dbconn2 = pg_pconnect("host=localhost port=5432 dbname=mary");
// connect to a database named "mary" on "localhost" at port "5432"

$dbconn3 = pg_pconnect("host=sheep port=5432 dbname=mary user=lamb password=foo");
//connect to a database named "mary" on the host "sheep" with a username and password

$conn_string = "host=sheep port=5432 dbname=test user=lamb password=bar";
$dbconn4 = pg_pconnect($conn_string);
//connect to a database named "test" on the host "sheep" with a username and password
?>

Tiež pozri

pg_ping

pg_parameter_status

Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007

add a note User Contributed Notes
pg_pconnect

ts at dev dot websafe dot pl
28-Oct-2007 03:22


<?php

//

// Using pg_pconnect in a class.

//

// Why this? Because the manual says:

//

//   If a second call is made to pg_pconnect() with the same

//   connection_string as an existing connection, the existing 

//   connection will be returned unless you pass 

//   PGSQL_CONNECT_FORCE_NEW as connect_type.

//

// This is not always true.

//

/**

 * MyClassA creates a postgresql connection using pg_pconnect 

 * and stores the resulting resource id to $this->conn 

 */

class MyClassA

{

    function __construct($connection_string)

    {

        $this->conn = 

            pg_pconnect($connection_string) 

                or die('Wrong CONN_STRING');

    }

}



//

// Showing current php.ini settings to be sure

// that persistent connections s  are allowed. 

// -1 means 'unlimited'

//

echo '<br>pgsql.allow_persistent: ' . ini_get('pgsql.allow_persistent');

echo '<br>pgsql.max_persistent: ' . ini_get('pgsql.max_persistent');

echo '<br>pgsql.max_links: ' . ini_get('pgsql.max_links');

echo '<br><br>';



// setting one custom connection string for all objects

// (modify $connection_string to fit your needs)

$connection_string =

    'host=localhost port=5432' .

    ' dbname=test user=test password=test';



//  

// Creating 10 MyClassA objects using the same $connection_string

//

$objArr = Array();

for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) 

{

    $objArr[] = new MyClassA($connection_string);

}



//

// Human readable result:

//

foreach($objArr as $id => $object)

{

    printf(

        '%s: Object %s: using db %s<br>',

        get_class($object), $id, $object->conn

    );

}



/* ------------------------------------------------------------- */

// The result

// pgsql.allow_persistent: 1

// pgsql.max_persistent: -1

// pgsql.max_links: -1

// 

// MyClassA: Object 0: using db Resource id #2

// MyClassA: Object 1: using db Resource id #3

// MyClassA: Object 2: using db Resource id #4

// MyClassA: Object 3: using db Resource id #5

// MyClassA: Object 4: using db Resource id #6

// MyClassA: Object 5: using db Resource id #7

// MyClassA: Object 6: using db Resource id #8

// MyClassA: Object 7: using db Resource id #9

// MyClassA: Object 8: using db Resource id #10

// MyClassA: Object 9: using db Resource id #11

// 

/* ------------------------------------------------------------- */

//

// Each MyClassA object will use its _own_ database Resource id

//

?>

Dennis Fogg
13-Oct-2007 01:27


As of Aug 2007, some suggestions from the postgresql forums

on pg_pconnect(), faster postgres connections, and connection pooling:



Summary: 

http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-general/2007-08/msg01406.php



Good details: http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-general/2007-08/msg00660.php

Also: http://archives.postgresql.org/pgsql-general/2007-08/msg01489.php

info at karl-philipp dot de
06-Oct-2003 04:05


A contribution to the transaction issue raised by "garrett at bgb dot cc".



In a German book about PostgreSQL in connection with PHP (Cornelia Boenigk, PostgreSQL - Grundlagen, Praxis, Anwendungsentwicklung mit PHP) one can read in chapter 19.3 about persistent connections:

If the page processing aborts and the transaction is not finished yet, the next script using the same persistent connection will be considered as the continuation of the transaction. In particular a lock of a table will persist. The explanation is as follows: After the abort of the script no COMMIT or ROLLBACK was sent to the db server.



The author describes a hint to avoid the scenario above:

You can create a function for resolving transactions and locks erroneously not closed. For invoking the function after execution of a script it has to be registered with the function register_shutdown_function():



 http://de2.php.net/manual/en/function.register-shutdown-function.php

Spiros Ioannou
30-Jan-2003 05:40


Instead of reducing MaxClients in apache you may try to

reduce pgsql.max_links in php to at least the number of

postmasters. It should work and leave

you with more available httpds for static html pages.

raggaflo at libertysurf dot fr
29-Mar-2002 08:03


Be careful when using Apache/PHP dynamic module/PostgreSQL :

in httpd.conf (Apache conf) default MaxClients is 150, whereas default PG's max_connections is 32 which is much fewer than 150. You have to set max_connections to at least MaxClients (and pg's shared_buffers to 2*max_connections at least) to avoid PG's errors with pg_pconnect like : "Sorry, too many clients already connected"

etsysx dot i dot hate dot spam at teleline dot es
10-Mar-2002 01:56


To setup a high availability server with apache as a static module and postgreSQL, change httpd.conf and set MaxClients to less than max postgreSQL simultaneous connections (like 32 or 64).

This way pg_pconnect will allways return a valid handle under heavy traffic or under a request flow attack without wasting resources and without connection problems.

garrett at bgb dot cc
08-Feb-2002 04:39


If a transaction is in progress when page processing ends, is it aborted before the connection placed bak in the pool? Or is the connection added "as is"?



It would seem that the correct thing to do is to always 'ABORT' before adding to the pool. 



As a note, this would be a good time to check and see if the connection is still open before readding it. Thus allowing closed connections to be cleaned up over time, instead of hanging around for ever as they do now.

herve at elma dot fr
04-Dec-2000 06:14


For resetting an apache web server and in same time the persistent connections you may use :


./apachectl graceful

dmitri at graphictype dot com
10-May-2000 04:12


How to reset persistent connections:





killall -USR1 httpd

tumor at iris dot kkt dot bme dot hu
30-Mar-2000 05:39


Well, pg_pconnect is ALMOST identical to pg_Connect. The difference is that when you make something nasty with the PSQL server (like reseting it) then pg_pConnect still tryes to use the previous connection. This creates some nice broken_pipe errors (and maybe some more). I do not know that resetting the http server would help it, I think it would. As pg_connect creates a new connection every time (that is why it is \"so slow\") this error does not occurs with it. Really this is not a bug, but perphaps you could do something with it, and it may help some people working with recently changing pg security settings... Good bug hunting...

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Last updated: Sun, 25 Nov 2007