mktime
You can get MS locale strings from here now:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/de-de/library/cdax410z.aspx
Search for "country codes" or "region codes", if they move it again!
(see below...)
strftime
(PHP 4, PHP 5)
strftime — Sformátovať miestny čas/dátum podľa miestnych nastavení
Popis
string strftime
( string $format
[, int $
timestamp
] )
Vracia reťazec sformátovaný podľa daného formátovacieho reťazca pomocou daného timestamp u alebo aktuálneho miestneho času, ak nie je daný žiadny timestamp. Názvy mesiacov a dní v týždni a reťazce iných jazykových závislosti berú ohľad na aktuálne miestne nastavenie s setlocale().
Následujúce konverzné špecifikátory sa rozpoznávajú vo formátovacom reťazci:
- %a - skrátený názov dňa podľa aktuálnej lokály
- %A - plný názov dňa podľa aktuálnej lokály
- %b - skrátený názov mesiaca podľa aktuálnej lokály
- %B - plný názov mesiaca podľa aktuálnej lokály
- %c - preferovaná reprezentácia dátumu a času pre aktuálnu lokálu
- %C - číslo storočia (rok sa vydelí 100 a skráti sa na integer, rozsah 00 až 99)
- %d - deň v mesiaci ako desatinné číslo (rozsah 01 až 31)
- %D - to isté ako %m/%d/%y
- %e - deň v mesiaci ako desatinné číslor, pred jednu číslicu sa pridá medzera (rozsah ' 1' až '31')
- %g - ako %G, len bez storočia.
- %G - 4-číselný rok zodpovedajúci číslu týždňa ISO (pozri %V). Má rovnaký formát a hodnotu ako %Y, až na to, že ak číslo týždňa ISO patrí k predchádzajúcemu alebo následujúcemu roku, použije sa ten rok miesto neho.
- %h - to isté ako %b
- %H - hodina ako desatinné číslo v tvare 24-hodinových hodín (rozsah 00 až 23)
- %I - hodina ako desatinné číslo v tvare 12-hodinových hodín (rozsah 01 až 12)
- %j - deň v roku ako desatinné číslo (rozsah 001 až 366)
- %m - mesiac ako desatinné číslo (rozsah 01 až 12)
- %M - minúta ako desatinné číslo
- %n - znak nového riadku
- %p - buď `am' alebo `pm' podľa danej časovej hodnoty, alebo zodpovedajúce reťazce podľa miestnej lokály
- %r - čas v a.m. a p.m. notácii
- %R - čas v 24 hodinovej notácii
- %S - sekundy ako desatinné číslo
- %t - znak tab
- %T - aktuálny čas, rovný s %H:%M:%S
-
%u - deň v týždni ako desatinné číslo [1,7], s 1 reprezetujúcou
Pondelok
Warning
Sun Solaris začína s Nedeľou ako 1, i keď ISO 9889:1999 (aktuálny C štandard) jasne určuje, že by to mal byť Pondelok.
- %U - číslo týždňa v aktuálnom roku ako desatinné číslo, počínajúc s prvou Nedeľou ako prvým dňom v prvom týždni week
- %V - ISO 8601:1988 číslo týždňa v akutuálnom roku ako desatinné číslo, rozsah 01 až 53, kde týždeňk 1 je prvým týždňom, ktorý má najmenej 4 dni v akutálnom roku a s Pondelkom ako prvým dňom v týždni. (Používajte %G alebo %g pre komponentu roka, ktorá zodpovedá číslu týždňa pre určený timestamp.)
- %W - číslo týždňa aktuálneho roka ako desatinné číslo, počínajúc s prvým Pondelkom ako prvým dňom v prvom týždni
- %w - deň v týždni ako desatinné číslo, Nedeľa je 0
- %x - preferovaná reprezentácia dátumu pre aktuálnu lokálu bez času
- %X - preferovaná reprezentácia času pre aktuálnu lokálu bez dátumu
- %y - rok ako desatinné číslo bez storočia (rozsah 00 až 99)
- %Y - rok ako desatinné číslo vrátane storočia
- %Z - časová zóna alebo názov alebo skratka
- %% - znak `%'
Note: Vaša C knižnica nemusí podporovať všetky konverzné špecifikátory; v takom prípade nebudú podporované PHP funkciou strftime(). To znamená, že napr. %e, %T, %R a %D (môže ich byť viac) nebudú na Windowse fungovať.
Example#1 strftime() príklady lokáls
<?php
setlocale (LC_TIME, "C");
print (strftime ("%A vo finstine je "));
setlocale (LC_TIME, "fi_FI");
print (strftime ("%A, vo francuzstine "));
setlocale (LC_TIME, "fr_FR");
print (strftime ("%A a v nemcine "));
setlocale (LC_TIME, "de_DE");
print (strftime ("%A.\n"));
?>
Note: %G a %V, ktoré sú založené na ISO 8601:1988 číslach týždňov, môžu podať neočakávané výsledky, ak nie je číselný systém správne chápaný. Pozri %V vyššie a príklad uvedený nižšie.
Example#2 Príklad číslovania týždňov ISO 8601:1988
<?php
/* December 2002 / Januar 2003
ISOWk M Tu W Thu F Sa Su
----- ----------------------------
51 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
52 23 24 25 26 27 28 29
1 30 31 1 2 3 4 5
2 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
3 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 */
// Vypise: 12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2002,2002
print "12/28/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/28/2002")) . "\n";
// Vypise: 12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2002
print "12/30/2002 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/30/2002")) . "\n";
// Vypise: 1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2003,2003
print "1/3/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2003")) . "\n";
// Vypise: 1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = 2,2003,2003
print "1/10/2003 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/10/2003")) . "\n";
/* December 2004 / Januar 2005
ISOWk M Tu W Thu F Sa Su
----- ----------------------------
51 13 14 15 16 17 18 19
52 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
53 27 28 29 30 31 1 2
1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 */
// Vypise: 12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 52,2004,2004
print "12/23/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/23/2004")) . "\n";
// Vypise: 12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2004
print "12/31/2004 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("12/31/2004")) . "\n";
// Vypise: 1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 53,2004,2005
print "1/2/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/2/2005")) . "\n";
// Vypise: 1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = 1,2005,2005
print "1/3/2005 - %V,%G,%Y = " . strftime("%V,%G,%Y",strtotime("1/3/2005")) . "\n";
?>
Tiež pozri setlocale() a mktime() and the » Open Group špecifikácia o strftime().
add a note
User Contributed Notesstrftime
contact_ at _line-o_ dot _de
09-May-2008 01:45
09-May-2008 01:45
Josue R.
08-Mar-2008 07:36
08-Mar-2008 07:36
Here's a simple version for date formating i use between displaying in HTML and converting back to MYSQL format:
<?php
function format_date($original='', $format="%m/%d/%Y") {
$format = ($format=='date' ? "%m-%d-%Y" : $format);
$format = ($format=='datetime' ? "%m-%d-%Y %H:%M:%S" : $format);
$format = ($format=='mysql-date' ? "%Y-%m-%d" : $format);
$format = ($format=='mysql-datetime' ? "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S" : $format);
return (!empty($original) ? strftime($format, strtotime($original)) : "" );
}
?>
example (in HTML or webapp):
[grab from database]...
$dbase_stored_date = "2007-03-15";
$display_html_date = format_date($dbase_stored_date);
... displays as "03/15/2007"
example (saving form via on POST/GET):
$update_date = format_date($_POST['display_html_date'], 'mysql-date');
// converts back to '2007-03-15'
.... [your mysql update here]
Don't forget to sanitize your POST/GET's =)
Anonymous
25-Feb-2008 04:08
25-Feb-2008 04:08
%u doesn't work under MS Windows. But getDate()['wday'] works as a perfekt workaround.
Anonymous
23-Feb-2008 11:01
23-Feb-2008 11:01
If the second parameter is null, PHP treats it as 0, so strftime return something like 01/01/1970. Be aware of this.
jerome dot place at free dot fr
07-Nov-2007 12:55
07-Nov-2007 12:55
Here is a function to convert dates before 1970, very useful if you are still using php 4 (it is supported in php5) :
<?php
# convert a date to special format
# $date is like 2000-01-01 00:00:00
# $format : refer to strftime function
function convert_date($date,$format) {
if($date=='0000-00-00 00:00:00' OR $date=='0000-00-00' OR $date=='' OR $date==NULL) {
return '';
}
else {
$year=substr($date,0,4);
if(phpversion() < 5.0 AND $year < 1970) {
$new_date=substr_replace($date,'1980',0,4); # we replace the year by a year after 1970
$new_format=eregi_replace('%a|%A|%u','',$format); # we remove days information from the format because they would be wrong
$new_date=strftime($new_format,strtotime($new_date)); # we convert the date
$new_date=eregi_replace('1980',$year,$new_date); # we put back the real year
return $new_date;
}
else {
return strftime($format,strtotime($date));
}
}
}
?>
josh dot helzer at gmail dot com
19-Sep-2007 07:39
19-Sep-2007 07:39
If strlen($format) >= 1024, the output of strftime($format) is the empty string.
nielsvan den berge at hotmail dot com
31-Aug-2007 06:43
31-Aug-2007 06:43
A small function to get the first weekday of the month.
For example the first monday of the month, or the first friday, etc.
<?php
/**
*
* Gets the first weekday of that month and year
*
* @param int The day of the week (0 = sunday, 1 = monday ... , 6 = saturday)
* @param int The month (if false use the current month)
* @param int The year (if false use the current year)
*
* @return int The timestamp of the first day of that month
*
**/
function get_first_day($day_number=1, $month=false, $year=false)
{
$month = ($month === false) ? strftime("%m"): $month;
$year = ($year === false) ? strftime("%Y"): $year;
$first_day = 1 + ((7+$day_number - strftime("%w", mktime(0,0,0,$month, 1, $year)))%7);
return mktime(0,0,0,$month, $first_day, $year);
}
// this will output the first wednesday of january 2007 (wed 03-01-2007)
echo strftime("%a %d-%m-%Y", get_first_day(3, 1, 2007));
?>
ma
28-Aug-2007 05:58
28-Aug-2007 05:58
note, that for some languages you MUST set LC_ALL instead of LC_TIME.
note that you further have to explicitly define your output-encoding (default is ISO-8859-1 [which makes problems for some languages])!
at least i expirienced this behaviour on a german WinXP-PHP4 environment:
<?php
// does not work - gives question marks:
setlocale(LC_TIME, 'RUS'); // ISO Alpha-3 is supported by xp
echo strftime('%A', time());
?>
<?php
// DOES work:
header('Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8'); // you could also use another charset here if iconv isn't installed on your system.
echo setlocale(LC_ALL, 'RUS').': ';
echo iconv('windows-1251', 'UTF-8', strftime('%A', time()))."\n";
?>
ben dot holland at thirdlight dot com
21-Jun-2007 05:03
21-Jun-2007 05:03
This little function allows you to provide a reasonably human readable string and convert to a timestamp - see example in comments below.
I find it far more useful than having to remember all the '%' modifiers. Am also well aware of its failings but it works in a lot of the real life situations I've come across.
<?php
function AmazingStringFromTime($str, $nTimestamp = null)
{
// This function reads a human readable string representation of dates. e.g.
// DD MM YYYY => 01 07 1978
// DDD D MMM YY => Mon 1 Jul 78
$arrPairs = array(
"DDDD" => "%A",
"DDD" => "%a",
"DD" => "%d",
"D" => "%e", // has leading space: ' 1', ' 2', etc for single digit days
"MMMM" => "%B",
"MMM" => "%b",
"MM" => "%m",
"YYYY" => "%Y",
"YY" => "%y",
"HH" => "%H",
"hh" => "%I",
"mm" => "%M",
"ss" => "%S",
);
$str = str_replace(array_keys($arrPairs), array_values($arrPairs), $str);
return strftime($str, $nTimestamp);
}
?>
th1nk3r at gmail dot DELETETHIS dot com
20-Jan-2007 09:35
20-Jan-2007 09:35
Function strftime() use the locales installed in your system (linux).
If you are like me and only leave in the system the locales you use normally (en_US and your own language locale, like es_ES), you'll only be able to use the locales installed. If your application is translated to other languages, you need these locales too.
The name of the locale in your system is important too. This can be a problem when you want to distribute the app.
If you have this locales in your system:
en_US/ISO-8859-1
en_US.UTF-8/UTF-8
es_ES/ISO-8859-1
es_ES@euro/ISO-8859-15
es_ES.UTF-8/UTF-8
es_ES@euro/UTF-8
and use setlocale('es_ES'), the result will use the iso-8859-1 charset even if you have all your system, files and configuration options in UTF-8. To receive content in UTF-8, in this example, you need to use setlocale('es_ES.UTF-8') or setlocale('es_ES.UTF-8@UTF-8').
The definition of locales can change from one system to another, and so the charset from the results.
denis at spiralsolutions dot com
02-Nov-2006 12:07
02-Nov-2006 12:07
(in addition to Andy's post)
To get a RFC 2822 date (used in RSS) of the current local time :
echo strftime ("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z") ;
Note: option %z / %Z - work different on Windows platform, for example
output of this code line can be:
Thu, 02 Nov 2006 09:54:59 Jerusalem Standard Time (on Windows)
Thu, 02 Nov 2006 09:54:59 +0200 (on Linux)
[red. It is much smarter to use date(DATE_RSS); here]
Moritz Stoltenburg
17-Aug-2006 08:45
17-Aug-2006 08:45
In response to the note supplied by "Arpad Borsos":
I think the whole truth is that the output of strftime() considers whatever you stated with setlocale().
<?php
/* Berlin is in Germany */
$locale = setlocale (LC_ALL, 'de_DE.UTF-8');
/* Output: Donnerstag, 23. März 2006 (and hopefully UTF-8 ;) */
echo strftime ("%A, %d. %B %Y", strtotime('2006-03-23'));
/* try different possible locale names for german as of PHP 4.3.0 */
$locale = setlocale(LC_ALL, 'de_DE.UTF-8', 'de_DE.UTF-8@euro', 'de_DE');
echo "Preferred locale for german on this system is '$locale'";
?>
Check the documentation of setlocale() for more.
setlocale (LC_ALL, 'de_DE.UTF-8') always worked fine for me.
Arpad Borsos
17-Aug-2006 04:32
17-Aug-2006 04:32
Please note that the strftime output is not encoded in utf8 so you have to use utf8_encode() if you want to print localized month names e.g. for German "März"
[red. this depends on the platform though - some Windows locales *do* use UTF-8 for example]
reeveboy at hotmail dot com
27-Jul-2006 09:01
27-Jul-2006 09:01
To mcallister, phloe and anyone else who want to get on the getDaySuffix() band wagon:
There are already functions to do this. All you really have to do is:
<?php echo date("jS", mktime(0,0,0,1,$myDay,2006)); ?>
Obviously, the only part of mktime that really matters is $myDay.
Moritz Stoltenburg
22-Jul-2006 10:54
22-Jul-2006 10:54
In response to the note supplied by "segfault nycap rr com".
Here is a quicker and easier way:
Use the MySQL Time Function TIME_FORMAT() in your query:
mysql> SELECT TIME_FORMAT('14:35:00', '%l:%i %p');
Or try '%l' in PHP, it works on most systems and is part of the Open Group specification of strftime().
<?php
echo strftime('%l:%M %p', strtotime('14:35:00'));
?>
andy at yatescentral dot com
16-May-2006 08:47
16-May-2006 08:47
When using strftime to generate time stamps for inclusion in RSS feeds, be sure to use %z for the timezone (RFC-822 format) rather than %Z -- for some reason, %Z fails to validate.
posenato at sciNO dot univrSPAM dot it
14-May-2006 11:37
14-May-2006 11:37
To partialy correct Neo's on RFC 850 date...
RFC 850 is obsolete by RFC 1036.
In HTTP header, RFC 1123 is the first choice: it has a fixed length format and 4 digits year.
Therefore, the correct format is:
gmstrftime ("%a, %d %b %Y %T %Z", time ());
Output example: Sun, 06 Nov 1994 08:49:37 GMT
[red. Use date(DATE_RFC850, time()); instead. (Or DATE_RFC1123 or DATE_RFC1036)]
Jon Keating
17-Jan-2006 05:49
17-Jan-2006 05:49
Under windows if you are using Japanese version, you must use the following code:
setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.20932") for EUC
setlocale(LC_ALL, "Japanese_Japan.932") for SJIS
I found the following page that helped me with this issue:
http://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=8329
php at REMOVEMEkennel17 dot co dot uk
19-Dec-2005 04:29
19-Dec-2005 04:29
To correct an error in the above list of formatting codes:
%p - either `AM' or `PM' according to the given time value, or the corresponding strings for the current locale (note result is in capitals)
%P - either `am' or `pm' according to the given time value, or the corresponding strings for the current locale (note result is in lower case)
In addition, the following codes seem to return a value on my system (Linux, Apache/1.3.33, PHP/4.4.1), but are not documented above. I have included the result given by passing them to gmstrftime() with a timestamp of 0 (unix epoch). gmstrftime() was used to avoid timezone/DST differences.
%F: "1970-01-01" (appears to be an SQL-formatted version of the date)
%k: "0" (seems to be the hour in 24-hour clock, without leading zeros (space-padded))
%l: "12" (seems to be the hour in 12-hour clock, without leading zeros (space-padded))
%s: "-3600"
%s seems to be the Unix timestamp passed to the function, but somehow based on the current locale/TZ settings (even in gmstrftime()).
On my system strftime("%H:%M:%S", 0) returns "01:00:00", and strftime("%s", 0) returns "0". Using gmstrftime() I get "00:00:00" and "-3600" respectively.
jw at jwscripts dot com
29-May-2005 06:32
29-May-2005 06:32
The following function implements the conversion specifiers which are not supported on Win32 platforms:
(Note: the specifiers %V, %G and %g can be implemented using other functions described in this section)
<?php
function strftime_win32($format, $ts = null) {
if (!$ts) $ts = time();
$mapping = array(
'%C' => sprintf("%02d", date("Y", $ts) / 100),
'%D' => '%m/%d/%y',
'%e' => sprintf("%' 2d", date("j", $ts)),
'%h' => '%b',
'%n' => "\n",
'%r' => date("h:i:s", $ts) . " %p",
'%R' => date("H:i", $ts),
'%t' => "\t",
'%T' => '%H:%M:%S',
'%u' => ($w = date("w", $ts)) ? $w : 7
);
$format = str_replace(
array_keys($mapping),
array_values($mapping),
$format
);
return strftime($format, $ts);
}
?>
patrick at codeministry dot dk
20-Apr-2005 02:50
20-Apr-2005 02:50
For freebsd user:
You can find the full list of your locale under /usr/share/locale.
For example da_DK.ISO8859-1 under this directory will set up the locale to danish.
bohac at smartcat dot cz
19-Mar-2005 10:36
19-Mar-2005 10:36
i had to use the czech representation of time on unix machine, running debian and linux version of apache with php 4
for me the best solution was to use this code:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, 'cs_CZ.iso88592');
?>
then you can do everything in czech language with correct iso-8859-2 encoding ;D
Aaron
25-Jan-2005 01:10
25-Jan-2005 01:10
%k will give you %H (hour, 24-hour clock) with the leading zero replaced by a space. I have only tested this on one linux system so far, it may not work on windows or other linux builds.
michiel1978 at hotmail dot com
06-Oct-2004 02:31
06-Oct-2004 02:31
As said in these comments, Windows strftime() doesn't support %e. However, to achieve a similar effect (not 100%) you can use %#d. The # flag will remove the leading zero, so you do get single digits, but without the space that would be added by %e in other environments.
neo at gothic-chat d0t de
24-Jun-2004 11:27
24-Jun-2004 11:27
To get a RFC 850 date (used in HTTP) of the current time:
gmstrftime ("%A %d-%b-%y %T %Z", time ());
This will get for example:
Friday 25-Jun-04 03:30:23 GMT
Please note that times in HTTP-headers _must_ be GMT, so use gmstrftime() instead of strftime().
adan at cr72 dot com
09-Jun-2004 04:48
09-Jun-2004 04:48
For Spanish:
<?php
setlocale(LC_ALL, "sp");
echo strftime("%d. %B %Y");
?>
vminarik at ips-ag dot cz
10-Sep-2001 06:02
10-Sep-2001 06:02
Note that setting LC_TIME is not enough for some locales under Windows, e.g. Czech, because there are some characters not contained in default (US) character set like '�' (c with hook), '�' (r with hook).
If you run Apache as regular application and have set your locale to Czech (ControlPanel/RegionalOptions), there is no problem and 'September' is correctly translated as 'z���', 'Thursday' as '�tvrtek'.
But if you run Apache as service, you get 'z�r�', and 'ctvrtek'.
To get things work as you expect you must set LC_CTYPE beside LC_TIME, or set LC_ALL.
<?php
$locale = 'Czech_Czech.1250';
$res = setlocale( 'LC_CTYPE', $locale); //important
$res = setlocale( 'LC_TIME', $locale);
echo strftime( '%A %m. %B %Y', mktime( 0,0,0,9,6,2001));
?>
verdy_p at wanadoo dot fr
22-Jul-2001 05:33
22-Jul-2001 05:33
Beware of '%D':
the comment shown expects that this is the same as '%m/%d/%y'.
This is wrong: '%D' is only expected to returned an abbreviated numeric date according to the current locale:
In the German locale '%D' is '%y.%m.%d'
In the French locale '%D' is '%d/%m/%y'
The locale rules still apply to %D as with '%A'...
Beware that some C libraries do not support '%D' and/or '%A' or do not support them accordingly. Using strftime() is then system-dependant, because PHP use the C function provided by the system on which it runs.
spamyenot at example dot com
18-Jul-2001 11:09
18-Jul-2001 11:09
Solaris 2.6 and 7 define the
%u specifier differently than noted here. Day 1 is Sunday, not Monday. Solaris 8 gets it right.
Jim
zmajeed at cup dot hp dot com
22-Jul-1999 03:14
22-Jul-1999 03:14
Locale names are OS dependent. HP-UX 11.0, for example, has three
German locales, de_DE.roman8, de_DE.iso88591, and
de_DE.iso885915@euro.
The command locale -a will display all available locales on a system.
So on HP-UX, to get German dates:
setlocale("LC_TIME", "de_DE.roman8");
print(strftime("%A\n"));