PHP 8.4.0 RC2 available for testing

count

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

countCounts all elements in an array or in a Countable object

Description

count(Countable|array $value, int $mode = COUNT_NORMAL): int

Counts all elements in an array when used with an array. When used with an object that implements the Countable interface, it returns the return value of the method Countable::count().

Parameters

value

An array or Countable object.

mode

If the optional mode parameter is set to COUNT_RECURSIVE (or 1), count() will recursively count the array. This is particularly useful for counting all the elements of a multidimensional array.

Caution

count() can detect recursion to avoid an infinite loop, but will emit an E_WARNING every time it does (in case the array contains itself more than once) and return a count higher than may be expected.

Return Values

Returns the number of elements in value. Prior to PHP 8.0.0, if the parameter was neither an array nor an object that implements the Countable interface, 1 would be returned, unless value was null, in which case 0 would be returned.

Changelog

Version Description
8.0.0 count() will now throw TypeError on invalid countable types passed to the value parameter.
7.2.0 count() will now yield a warning on invalid countable types passed to the value parameter.

Examples

Example #1 count() example

<?php
$a
[0] = 1;
$a[1] = 3;
$a[2] = 5;
var_dump(count($a));

$b[0] = 7;
$b[5] = 9;
$b[10] = 11;
var_dump(count($b));
?>

The above example will output:

int(3)
int(3)

Example #2 count() non Countable|array example (bad example - don't do this)

<?php
$b
[0] = 7;
$b[5] = 9;
$b[10] = 11;
var_dump(count($b));

var_dump(count(null));

var_dump(count(false));
?>

The above example will output:

int(3)
int(0)
int(1)

Output of the above example in PHP 7.2:

int(3)

Warning: count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable in … on line 12
int(0)

Warning: count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable in … on line 14
int(1)

Output of the above example in PHP 8:

int(3)

Fatal error: Uncaught TypeError: count(): Argument #1 ($var) must be of type Countable .. on line 12

Example #3 Recursive count() example

<?php
$food
= array('fruits' => array('orange', 'banana', 'apple'),
'veggie' => array('carrot', 'collard', 'pea'));

// recursive count
var_dump(count($food, COUNT_RECURSIVE));

// normal count
var_dump(count($food));

?>

The above example will output:

int(8)
int(2)

Example #4 Countable object

<?php
class CountOfMethods implements Countable
{
private function
someMethod()
{
}

public function
count(): int
{
return
count(get_class_methods($this));
}
}

$obj = new CountOfMethods();
var_dump(count($obj));
?>

The above example will output:

int(2)

See Also

  • is_array() - Finds whether a variable is an array
  • isset() - Determine if a variable is declared and is different than null
  • empty() - Determine whether a variable is empty
  • strlen() - Get string length
  • is_countable() - Verify that the contents of a variable is a countable value
  • Arrays

add a note

User Contributed Notes 13 notes

up
141
onlyranga at gmail dot com
10 years ago
[Editor's note: array at from dot pl had pointed out that count() is a cheap operation; however, there's still the function call overhead.]

If you want to run through large arrays don't use count() function in the loops , its a over head in performance, copy the count() value into a variable and use that value in loops for a better performance.

Eg:

// Bad approach

for($i=0;$i<count($some_arr);$i++)
{
// calculations
}

// Good approach

$arr_length = count($some_arr);
for($i=0;$i<$arr_length;$i++)
{
// calculations
}
up
4
lucasfsmartins at gmail dot com
5 years ago
If you are on PHP 7.2+, you need to be aware of "Changelog" and use something like this:

<?php
$countFruits
= is_array($countFruits) || $countFruits instanceof Countable ? count($countFruits) : 0;
?>

You can organize your code to ensure that the variable is an array, or you can extend the Countable so that you don't have to do this check.
up
3
Anonymous
5 years ago
For a Non Countable Objects

$count = count($data);
print "Count: $count\n";

Warning: count(): Parameter must be an array or an object that implements Countable in example.php on line 159

#Quick fix is to just cast the non-countable object as an array..

$count = count((array) $data);
print "Count: $count\n";

Count: 250
up
13
danny at dannymendel dot com
17 years ago
I actually find the following function more useful when it comes to multidimension arrays when you do not want all levels of the array tree.

// $limit is set to the number of recursions
<?php
function count_recursive ($array, $limit) {
$count = 0;
foreach (
$array as $id => $_array) {
if (
is_array ($_array) && $limit > 0) {
$count += count_recursive ($_array, $limit - 1);
} else {
$count += 1;
}
}
return
$count;
}
?>
up
4
pied-pierre
9 years ago
A function of one line to find the number of elements that are not arrays, recursively :

function count_elt($array, &$count=0){
foreach($array as $v) if(is_array($v)) count_elt($v,$count); else ++$count;
return $count;
}
up
9
alexandr at vladykin dot pp dot ru
17 years ago
My function returns the number of elements in array for multidimensional arrays subject to depth of array. (Almost COUNT_RECURSIVE, but you can point on which depth you want to plunge).

<?php
function getArrCount ($arr, $depth=1) {
if (!
is_array($arr) || !$depth) return 0;

$res=count($arr);

foreach (
$arr as $in_ar)
$res+=getArrCount($in_ar, $depth-1);

return
$res;
}
?>
up
0
olja dot fb at gmail dot com
1 year ago
In example #3, given as:

<?php
$food
= array('fruits' => array('orange', 'banana', 'apple'),
'veggie' => array('carrot', 'collard', 'pea'));

// recursive count
var_dump(count($food, COUNT_RECURSIVE));
?>

with the output given as int(8), it may have some readers mistaken, as I was at first: one might take it as keys being counted as well as the inner array entries:

<?php
// NO:
'fruits', 'orange', 'banana', 'apple',
'veggie', 'carrot', 'collard', 'pea'
?>

But actually keys are not counted in count function, and why it is still 8 - because inner arrays are counted as entries as well as their inner elements:

<?php
// YES:
array('orange', 'banana', 'apple'), 'orange', 'banana', 'apple',
array(
'carrot', 'collard', 'pea'), 'carrot', 'collard', 'pea'
?>
up
-1
php_count at cubmd dot com
7 years ago
All the previous recursive count solutions with $depth option would not avoid infinite loops in case the array contains itself more than once.
Here's a working solution:

<?php
/**
* Recursively count elements in an array. Behaves exactly the same as native
* count() function with the $depth option. Meaning it will also add +1 to the
* total count, for the parent element, and not only counting its children.
* @param $arr
* @param int $depth
* @param int $i (internal)
* @return int
*/
public static function countRecursive(&$arr, $depth = 0, $i = 0) {
$i++;
/**
* In case the depth is 0, use the native count function
*/
if (empty($depth)) {
return
count($arr, COUNT_RECURSIVE);
}
$count = 0;
/**
* This can occur only the first time when the method is called and $arr is not an array
*/
if (!is_array($arr)) {
return
count($arr);
}

// if this key is present, it means you already walked this array
if (isset($arr['__been_here'])) {
return
0;
}

$arr['__been_here'] = true;

foreach (
$arr as $key => &$value) {
if (
$key !== '__been_here') {
if (
is_array($value) && $depth > $i) {
$count += self::countRecursive($value, $depth, $i);
}

$count++;
}
}

// you need to unset it when done because you're working with a reference...
unset($arr['__been_here']);
return
$count;
}
?>
up
-1
asma mechtaba
2 years ago
count and sizeof are aliases, what work for one works for the other.
up
-2
Christoph097
2 years ago
Empty values are counted:
<?php
$ar
[] = 3;
$ar[] = null;
var_dump(count($ar)); //int(2)
?>
up
-5
buyatv at gmail dot com
7 years ago
You can not get collect sub array count when there is only one sub array in an array:

$a = array ( array ('a','b','c','d'));
$b = array ( array ('a','b','c','d'), array ('e','f','g','h'));

echo count($a); // 4 NOT 1, expect 1
echo count($b); // 2, expected
up
-5
vojtaripa at gmail dot com
4 years ago
To get the count of the inner array you can do something like:

$inner_count = count($array[0]);
echo ($inner_count);
up
-4
max at schimmelmann dot org
4 years ago
In special situations you might only want to count the first level of the array to figure out how many entries you have, when they have N more key-value-pairs.

<?php

$data
= [
'a' => [
'bla1' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
],
'bla2' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
],
'bla3' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
],
'bla4' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
],
],
'b' => [
'bla1' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
],
'bla2' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
],
],
'c' => [
'bla1' => [
0 => 'asdf',
1 => 'asdf',
2 => 'asdf',
]
]
];
$count = array_sum(array_values(array_map('count', $data)));
// will return int(7)
var_dump($count);

// will return 31
var_dump(count($data, 1));
?>
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