PHP: 注解语法

注解语法

注解语法包含以下几部分。首先，注解声明总是以 #[ 开头，以 ] 结尾来包围。内部则是一个或以逗号包含的多个注解。注解的名称按使用命名空间：基础章节中描述，可以是非限定、限定、完全限定的名称。注解的参数是可以选的，以常见的括号()包围。注解的参数只能是字面值或者常量表达式。它同时接受位置参数和命名参数两种语法。

通过反射 API 请求注解实例时，注解的名称会被解析到一个类，注解的参数则传入该类的构造器中。因此每个注解都需要引入一个类。

示例 #1 注解语法

<?php
// a.php
namespace MyExample;

use Attribute;

#[Attribute]
class MyAttribute
{
    const VALUE = 'value';

    private $value;

    public function __construct($value = null)
    {
        $this->value = $value;
    }
}

// b.php

namespace Another;

use MyExample\MyAttribute;

#[MyAttribute]
#[\MyExample\MyAttribute]
#[MyAttribute(1234)]
#[MyAttribute(value: 1234)]
#[MyAttribute(MyAttribute::VALUE)]
#[MyAttribute(array("key" => "value"))]
#[MyAttribute(100 + 200)]
class Thing
{
}

#[MyAttribute(1234), MyAttribute(5678)]
class AnotherThing
{
}

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User Contributed Notes 1 note

down

yarns dot purport0n at icloud dot com ¶

3 months ago

It wasn't obvious to me for a while but you can subclass attributes

https://3v4l.org/TrMTe

<?php

#[Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_PROPERTY)]
class PropertyAttributes
 {
    public function __construct(
        public readonly ?string $name = null,
        public readonly ?string $label = null,
    ) {}
 }

#[Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_PROPERTY)]
class IntegerPropertyAttributes extends PropertyAttributes
 {
    public function __construct(
        ?string $name = null,
        ?string $label = null,
        public readonly ?int $default = null,
        public readonly ?int $min = null,
        public readonly ?int $max = null,
        public readonly ?int $step = null,
    ) {
        parent::__construct($name, $label);
    }
 }

#[Attribute(Attribute::TARGET_PROPERTY)]
class FloatPropertyAttributes extends PropertyAttributes
 {
    public function __construct(
        ?string $name = null,
        ?string $label = null,
        public readonly ?float $default = null,
        public readonly ?float $min = null,
        public readonly ?float $max = null,
    ) {
        parent::__construct($name, $label);
    }
 }

class MyClass
 {
     #[IntegerPropertyAttributes('prop', 'property: ', 5, 0, 10, 1)]
     public int $prop;
 }

$refl = new ReflectionProperty('MyClass', 'prop');
$attributes = $refl->getAttributes();

    foreach ($attributes as $attribute) {
       var_dump($attribute->getName());
       var_dump($attribute->getArguments());
       var_dump($attribute->newInstance());
    }
?>

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