idn_to_ascii

(PHP 5 >= 5.3.0, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL intl >= 1.0.2, PECL idn >= 0.1)

idn_to_asciiConvertit un nom de domaine au format IDNA ASCII

Description

Style procédural

idn_to_ascii(
    string $domain,
    int $flags = IDNA_DEFAULT,
    int $variant = INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46,
    array &$idna_info = null
): string|false

Cette fonction convertit un nom de domaine Unicode au format IDNA ASCII-compatible.

Liste de paramètres

domain

Le domaine à convertir, qui doit être encodé UTF-8.

flags

Options de conversion - combinaison de constantes IDNA_*. (sauf les constantes IDNA_ERROR_*).

variant

Soit INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_2003 (obsolète à partir de PHP 7.2.0) pour IDNA 2003, soit INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46 (seulement disponible à partir de ICU 4.6) pour UTS #46.

idna_info

Ce paramètre ne peut être utilisé que si la cosntante INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46 a été utilisée dans le paramètre variant. Dans ce cas, ce sera un tableau avec la clé 'result' contenant le résultat de la transformation, la clé 'isTransitionalDifferent' contenant un booléen indiquant l'utilisation du mécanisme transitionnel UTS #46 ayant altéré ou non le résultat, et la clé 'errors' contenant un int représentant un jeu de bits des constantes d'erreurs IDNA_ERROR_*.

Valeurs de retour

Le nom de domaine encodé au format ASCII-compatible. ou false si une erreur survient

Historique

Version Description
7.4.0 La valeur par défaut du paramètre variant est maintenant INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46 à la place de la constante INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_2003 déprécié.
7.2.0 INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_2003 a été déprécié; utiliser INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46 à la place.

Exemples

Exemple #1 Exemple avec idn_to_ascii()

<?php

echo idn_to_ascii('täst.de');

?>

L'exemple ci-dessus va afficher :

xn--tst-qla.de

Voir aussi

  • idn_to_utf8() - Convertit le nom de domaine IDNA ASCII en Unicode

add a note

User Contributed Notes 4 notes

up
11
edible dot email at gmail dot com
12 years ago
The notes on this function are not very clear and a little misleading.

Firstly, <=5.3, you will need to make use of one of several scripts or classes available on the internet which might, or might not, require the installation of of the intl and idn PECL extensions ...and you will need to have !<4.0 in order to be able to install both.

Secondly, if you have >=5.4 you will not require the PECL extensions.

Third, use of utf8_encode() is not necessary. In fact, it will potentially prevent idn_to_ascii() from working at all.

On my setup it was necessary to change the charset in the script meta tags to UTF-8:

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />

...and to change charset_default in the php.ini file (/usr/local/lib/php.ini, whereis php.ini, find / -name php.ini):

default_charset = "UTF-8"

The above changes mean that idn_to_ascii() can now be used with that syntax (no need for utf8_encode()). Previously, the function worked to convert some IDNs, but failed to convert Japanese and Cyrillic IDNs. Further, no additional locales were enabled or added, and Apache's charset file was left unmodified.

It is also important to remember only to apply the function where required, eg:

idn_to_ascii(cåsino.com) // is wrong

...whereas...

iden_to_ascii(cåsino) // is right

...and also be aware of text editors that don't support UTF-8 encoding, or the $domain = 'cåsino' value will end up as $domain = '??????' ...and the function will fail.

I have found that Notepad++ easily and reliably handles UTF-8 encoding that works for this function using UTF-8 as the encoding option, not UTF-8 without BOM.
up
7
mschrieck at gmail dot com
7 years ago
To convert IDN Domains with the IDNA2008 definition use following command.

idn_to_ascii('teßt.com',IDNA_NONTRANSITIONAL_TO_ASCII,INTL_IDNA_VARIANT_UTS46)

The result is then as expected

xn--tet-6ka.com
up
1
alexchexes at gmail dot com
1 year ago
idn_to_ascii and idn_to_utf8 functions don't properly handle full URLs (i.e. with schema and paths), so here's the helper functions which handles all URLs, including ones with path but without a scheme

<?php
/**
* Converts URLS to punycode
* It doesn't url-encodes other parts
* The initial code from snipp dor ru website, here is modified version that handles urls without scheme
*/
function punycode_encode($url)
{
$no_scheme = false;
if (!
preg_match('/^.+?:\/\//', $url) && substr($url, 0, 2) !== '//') {
$url = '//' . $url;
$no_scheme = true;
}

$parts = parse_url($url);

$out = '';
if (!empty(
$parts['scheme'])) $out .= $parts['scheme'] . ':';
if (!empty(
$parts['host'])) $out .= '//';
if (!empty(
$parts['user'])) $out .= $parts['user'];
if (!empty(
$parts['pass'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['pass'];
if (!empty(
$parts['user'])) $out .= '@';
if (!empty(
$parts['host'])) $out .= idn_to_ascii($parts['host']);
if (!empty(
$parts['port'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['port'];
if (!empty(
$parts['path'])) $out .= $parts['path'];
if (!empty(
$parts['query'])) $out .= '?' . $parts['query'];
if (!empty(
$parts['fragment'])) $out .= '#' . $parts['fragment'];

if (
$no_scheme) {
$out = substr($out, 2);
}

return
$out;
}

function
punycode_decode($url)
{
$no_scheme = false;
if (!
preg_match('/^.+?:\/\//', $url) && substr($url, 0, 2) !== '//') {
$url = '//' . $url;
$no_scheme = true;
}

$parts = parse_url($url);
$out = '';
if (!empty(
$parts['scheme'])) $out .= $parts['scheme'] . ':';
if (!empty(
$parts['host'])) $out .= '//';
if (!empty(
$parts['user'])) $out .= $parts['user'];
if (!empty(
$parts['pass'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['pass'];
if (!empty(
$parts['user'])) $out .= '@';
if (!empty(
$parts['host'])) $out .= idn_to_utf8($parts['host']);
if (!empty(
$parts['port'])) $out .= ':' . $parts['port'];
if (!empty(
$parts['path'])) $out .= $parts['path'];
if (!empty(
$parts['query'])) $out .= '?' . $parts['query'];
if (!empty(
$parts['fragment'])) $out .= '#' . $parts['fragment'];

if (
$no_scheme) {
$out = substr($out, 2);
}

return
$out;
}
up
0
mpf at mk dot de
11 months ago
The documentation ist not clear what failure in the return section means. This should be substituted to something like this:

"Returns failure if the given string could not be converted".
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