PHP: Traits - Manual

Traits

Enums können Traits verwenden, die sich dann genauso verhalten wie in Klassen. Hierbei ist zu beachten, dass die in einer Enum verwendeten Traits keine Eigenschaften enthalten dürfen, sondern nur Methoden und statische Methoden. Ein Trait mit Eigenschaften führt zu einem fatalen Fehler.

<?php

interface Colorful
{
    public function color(): string;
}

trait Rectangle
{
    public function shape(): string {
        return "Rectangle";
    }
}

enum Suit implements Colorful
{
    use Rectangle;

    case Hearts;
    case Diamonds;
    case Clubs;
    case Spades;

    public function color(): string
    {
        return match($this) {
            Suit::Hearts, Suit::Diamonds => 'Red',
            Suit::Clubs, Suit::Spades => 'Black',
        };
    }
}
?>

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User Contributed Notes 1 note

down

wervin at mail dot com ¶

2 months ago

One good example of a trait, would be to give a lot of enums a method to retrieve their cases, values or both.

<?php
trait EnumToArray
{
    public static function names(): array
    {
        return array_column(self::cases(), 'name');
        
    }

    public static function values(): array
    {
        return array_column(self::cases(), 'value');
    }

    public static function asArray(): array
    {
        if (empty(self::values())) {
            return self::names();
        }
        
        if (empty(self::names())) {
            return self::values();
        }
        
        return array_column(self::cases(), 'value', 'name');
    }
}
?>

Some example outputs:

<?php
var_export(IpVersion::names());     // ['Ipv4', 'IPv6']
var_export(IpVersion::values());    // []
var_export(IpVersion::asArray());   // ['IPv4', 'IPv6']

var_export(Language::names());      // ['en', 'es']
var_export(Language::values());     // ['English', 'Spanish']
var_export(Language::asArray());    // ['en' => 'English', 'es' => 'Spanish']

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