PHP: do-while - Manual

do-while

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

Les boucles do-while ressemblent beaucoup aux boucles while, mais l'expression est testée à la fin de chaque itération plutôt qu'au début. La principale différence par rapport à la boucle while est que la première itération de la boucle do-while est toujours exécutée (l'expression n'est testée qu'à la fin de l'itération), ce qui n'est pas le cas lorsque vous utilisez une boucle while (la condition est vérifiée dès le début de chaque itération, et si elle s'avère false dès le début, la boucle sera immédiatement arrêtée).

Il n'y a qu'une syntaxe possible pour les boucles do-while :


<?php
$i = 0;
do {
    echo $i;
} while ($i > 0);
?>

La boucle ci-dessus ne va être exécutée qu'une seule fois, car lorsque l'expression est évaluée, elle vaut false (car la variable $i n'est pas plus grande que 0) et l'exécution de la boucle s'arrête.

Les utilisateurs familiers du C sont habitués à une utilisation différente des boucles do-while , qui permet de stopper l'exécution de la boucle au milieu des instructions, en encapsulant dans un do-while(0) la fonction break. Le code suivant montre une utilisation possible :


<?php
do {
    if ($i < 5) {
        echo "i n'est pas suffisamment grand";
        break;
    }
    $i *= $factor;
    if ($i < $minimum_limit) {
        break;
    }
   echo "i est bon";

    /* ...traitement de i... */

} while (0);
?>

Il est possible d'utiliser l'opérateur goto au lieu de ce bidouillage.

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User Contributed Notes 6 notes

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jayreardon at gmail dot com ¶

16 years ago


There is one major difference you should be aware of when using the do--while loop vs. using a simple while loop:  And that is when the check condition is made.  

In a do--while loop, the test condition evaluation is at the end of the loop.  This means that the code inside of the loop will iterate once through before the condition is ever evaluated.  This is ideal for tasks that need to execute once before a test is made to continue, such as test that is dependant upon the results of the loop.  

Conversely, a plain while loop evaluates the test condition at the begining of the loop before any execution in the loop block is ever made. If for some reason your test condition evaluates to false at the very start of the loop, none of the code inside your loop will be executed.

down

mparsa1372 at gmail dot com ¶

2 years ago


The example below first sets a variable $x to 1 ($x = 1). Then, the do while loop will write some output, and then increment the variable $x with 1. Then the condition is checked (is $x less than, or equal to 5?), and the loop will continue to run as long as $x is less than, or equal to 5:

<?php
$x = 1;

do {
  echo "The number is: $x <br>";
  $x++;
} while ($x <= 5);
?>

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-2

Martin ¶

8 years ago


Do-while loops can also be used inside other loops, for example:

<?php
// generating an array with random even numbers between 1 and 1000

$numbers = array();
$array_size = 10;

// for loop runs as long as 2nd condition evaluates to true
for ($i=0;$i<$array_size;$i++) { 

      // always executes (as long as the for-loop runs)
      do { 
         $random = rand(1,1000);

     // if the random number is even (condition below is false), the do-while-loop execution ends
     // if it's uneven (condition below is true), the loop continues by generating a new random number
     } while (($random % 2) == 1);

     // even random number is written to array and for-loop continues iteration until original condition is met
     $numbers[] = $random; 
}

// sorting array by alphabet

asort($numbers);

// printing array

echo '<pre>';
print_r($numbers);
echo '</pre>';
?>

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-25

andrew at NOSPAM dot devohive dot com ¶

14 years ago


I'm guilty of writing constructs without curly braces sometimes... writing the do--while seemed a bit odd without the curly braces ({ and }), but just so everyone is aware of how this is written with a do--while...

a normal while:
<?php
   while ( $isValid ) $isValid = doSomething($input);
?>

a do--while:
<?php
   do $isValid = doSomething($input);
   while ( $isValid );
?>

Also, a practical example of when to use a do--while when a simple while just won't do (lol)... copying multiple 2nd level nodes from one document to another using the DOM XML extension

<?php
   # open up/create the documents and grab the root element
   $fileDoc  = domxml_open_file('example.xml'); // existing xml we want to copy
   $fileRoot = $fileDoc->document_element();
   $newDoc   = domxml_new_doc('1.0'); // new document we want to copy to
   $newRoot  = $newDoc->create_element('rootnode');
   $newRoot  = $newDoc->append_child($newRoot); // this is the node we want to copy to

   # loop through nodes and clone (using deep)
   $child = $fileRoot->first_child(); // first_child must be called once and can only be called once
   do $newRoot->append_child($child->clone_node(true)); // do first, so that the result from first_child is appended
   while ( $child = $child->next_sibling() ); // we have to use next_sibling for everything after first_child
?>

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-25

M. H. S. ¶

3 years ago


<!-- if you write with WHILE: -->
<?php
$i = 100
while ($i < 10) :
    echo "\$i is $i.";
endwhile;
?>
<!-- returning: -->

<!-- if you write with DO/WHILE: -->
<?php
$i = 100;
do {
    echo "\$i is $i.";
} while ($i < 10);
?>
<!-- returning: -->
$i is 100.

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-29

iamjeffjack at gmail dot com ¶

5 years ago


If you put multiple conditions in the while check, a do-while loop checks these conditions in order and runs again once it encounters a condition that returns true. This can be helpful to know when troubleshooting why a do-while loop isn't finishing. An (illustrative-only) example:

<?php
    $numberOne = 0;
    do {
        echo $numberOne;
        $numberOne++;
    } while( $numberOne < 5 || incrementNumberTwo() );
    function incrementNumberTwo() {
        echo "function incrementNumberTwo called";
        return false;
    }
    // outputs "01234function incrementNumberTwo called"
?>

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