ConFoo 2025

SplFileObject::fgetcsv

(PHP 5 >= 5.1.0, PHP 7, PHP 8)

SplFileObject::fgetcsvGets line from file and parse as CSV fields

Beschreibung

public SplFileObject::fgetcsv(string $separator = ",", string $enclosure = "\"", string $escape = "\\"): array|false

Gets a line from the file which is in CSV format and returns an array containing the fields read.

Hinweis: Die Spracheinstellung (Locale) wird von dieser Funktion beachtet. Beispielsweise können Daten, die in bestimmten Ein-Byte-Kodierungen kodiert sind, falsch interpretiert werden, wenn LC_CTYPE den Wert en_US.UTF-8 hat.

Parameter-Liste

separator

The field delimiter (one single-byte character only). By default , or the value set by a prior call to SplFileObject::setCsvControl().

enclosure

The field enclosure character (one single-byte character only). By default " or the value set by a prior call to SplFileObject::setCsvControl().

escape

The escape character (at most one single-byte character). By default \ or the value set by a prior call to SplFileObject::setCsvControl(). An empty string ("") disables the proprietary escape mechanism.

Hinweis: Usually an enclosure character is escaped inside a field by doubling it; however, the escape character can be used as an alternative. So for the default parameter values "" and \" have the same meaning. Other than allowing to escape the enclosure character the escape character has no special meaning; it isn't even meant to escape itself.

Warnung

As of PHP 8.4.0, depending on the default value of escape is deprecated. It needs to be provided explicitly either positionally or by the use of Named Arguments, or by a call to SplFileObject::setCsvControl().

Warnung

Wenn escape auf etwas anderes als eine leere Zeichenkette ("") gesetzt wird, kann dies zu einer CSV-Datei führen, die nicht mit » RFC 4180 konform ist oder die den Umlauf durch die PHP-CSV-Funktionen nicht übersteht. Der Standardwert für escape ist "\\", weshalb empfohlen wird, diesen Parameter explizit auf eine leere Zeichenkette zu setzen. Der Standardwert wird sich in einer zukünftigen Version von PHP ändern, jedoch nicht vor PHP 9.0.

Rückgabewerte

Returns an indexed array containing the fields read, or false on error.

Hinweis:

A blank line in a CSV file will be returned as an array comprising a single null field unless using SplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY | SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE, in which case empty lines are skipped.

Fehler/Exceptions

Wenn separator oder enclosure nicht ein Byte lang ist, wird ein ValueError geworfen.

Wenn escape nicht ein Byte lang oder eine leere Zeichenkette ist, wird ein ValueError geworfen.

Changelog

Version Beschreibung
8.4.0 Sich auf den Standardwert von escape zu verlassen, ist nun veraltet.
7.4.0 The escape parameter now also accepts an empty string to disable the proprietary escape mechanism.

Beispiele

Beispiel #1 SplFileObject::fgetcsv() example

<?php
$file
= new SplFileObject("data.csv");
while (!
$file->eof()) {
var_dump($file->fgetcsv());
}
?>

Beispiel #2 SplFileObject::READ_CSV example

<?php
$file
= new SplFileObject("animals.csv");
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::READ_CSV);
foreach (
$file as $row) {
list(
$animal, $class, $legs) = $row;
printf("A %s is a %s with %d legs\n", $animal, $class, $legs);
}
?>

Contents of animals.csv

crocodile,reptile,4
dolphin,mammal,0
duck,bird,2
koala,mammal,4
salmon,fish,0

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt eine ähnliche Ausgabe wie:

A crocodile is a reptile with 4 legs
A dolphin is a mammal with 0 legs
A duck is a bird with 2 legs
A koala is a mammal with 4 legs
A salmon is a fish with 0 legs

Siehe auch

add a note

User Contributed Notes 6 notes

up
13
android991 at gmail dot com
5 years ago
Be aware.
There is bug 46569 persists that breaks usage of SplFileObject::fgetcsv() after SplFileObject::seek()-ing to a non-zero position and then returns the contents of wrong line - off by one
<?php
$file
= new SplFileObject('foo/bar.csv');
$file->seek(1);
print_r($file->fgetcsv()); // reads 3rd line against 2nd
up
4
InvisibleSmiley
3 years ago
Not that this may return NULL instead of FALSE depending on the given SplFileObject flags in versions prior to PHP 8.1.

Change: https://github.com/php/php-src/commit/188b1d4c7c7b3482584e248522d94e06ba616a1c

Testcase: https://3v4l.org/6dQTT
up
3
Denitz
6 years ago
If your CSV doesn't have enclosures, you can face an issue with default " identified as enclosure in data. Empty $enclosure is not allowed, but you can use same $enclosure as $delimiter (\n by default) to emulate empty enclosure.
up
2
v-fpiris at teknober dot com
13 years ago
after setting the delimiter '\t' fgetcsv() truncates the value when it is empty string

workaround:

<?php
$file
= new SplFileObject($path);
$file->setFlags(SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE);
while (
$file->valid()) {
$line = $file->fgets();
$line = explode("\t", $line);

print_r($line);
}
?>
up
2
vaughn dot clayton+php at servicetrade dot com
12 years ago
Note that due to bugs 55807 and 61032, introduced in 5.3.8, if the csv in example #2 has a newline character at the end of each line, the foreach will execute 6 times.

The last time through the loop $row will be bool(false). This is true even if using SplFileObject::SKIP_EMPTY and SplFileObject::DROP_NEW_LINE.

Until the bug is fixed, the workaround is to also add SplFileObject::READ_AHEAD to your setFlags() call.
up
1
jbrauer
4 years ago
Also while the enclosure character cannot be NULL you can set it to ASCII NUL character chr(0) with the same practical effect.
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