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mt_rand

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

mt_randGenerate a random value via the Mersenne Twister Random Number Generator

Descripción

mt_rand(): int
mt_rand(int $min, int $max): int

Many random number generators of older libcs have dubious or unknown characteristics and are slow. The mt_rand() function is a drop-in replacement for the older rand(). It uses a random number generator with known characteristics using the » Mersenne Twister, which will produce random numbers four times faster than what the average libc rand() provides.

If called without the optional min, max arguments mt_rand() returns a pseudo-random value between 0 and mt_getrandmax(). If you want a random number between 5 and 15 (inclusive), for example, use mt_rand(5, 15).

Precaución

Esta función no genera valores criptográficos fiables por lo que no debería empelarse para propósitos criptográficos. Si fuera necesario un valor criptográfico seguro, considérese utilizar random_int(), random_bytes(), o openssl_random_pseudo_bytes() en su lugar.

Parámetros

min

Optional lowest value to be returned (default: 0)

max

Optional highest value to be returned (default: mt_getrandmax())

Valores devueltos

A random integer value between min (or 0) and max (or mt_getrandmax(), inclusive), or false if max is less than min.

Historial de cambios

Versión Descripción
7.2.0 mt_rand() has received a bug fix for a modulo bias bug. This means that sequences generated with a specific seed may differ from PHP 7.1 on 64-bit machines.
7.1.0 rand() has been made an alias of mt_rand().
7.1.0 mt_rand() has been updated to use the fixed, correct, version of the Mersenne Twister algorithm. To fall back to the old behaviour, use mt_srand() with MT_RAND_PHP as the second parameter.

Ejemplos

Ejemplo #1 mt_rand() example

<?php
echo mt_rand(), "\n";
echo
mt_rand(), "\n";

echo
mt_rand(5, 15), "\n";
?>

El resultado del ejemplo sería algo similar a:

1604716014
1478613278
6

Notas

Advertencia

min max range must be within the range mt_getrandmax(). i.e. (max - min) <= mt_getrandmax() Otherwise, mt_rand() may return poorer random numbers than it should.

Ver también

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User Contributed Notes 3 notes

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3
greald at ghvernuft dot nl
1 year ago
To see some systematic deviations from a universal distribution run:

<?php
$alfabet
= str_split('ADHKLMNPSTUWX');
$countalfabet = count($alfabet)-1;
$code = array_fill_keys($alfabet, 0);
for (
$L=0; $L<80*$countalfabet; $L++)
{
$lettr = floor(mt_rand ( 0, $countalfabet ));
$code[$alfabet[$lettr]]++;
}

foreach(
$code as $L => $Freq)
{
for(
$F=0; $F<$Freq; $F++)
{
echo
$L;
}
echo
"\n<br/>";
}
?>
up
3
Pawe Krawczyk
10 years ago
To reiterate the message about *not* using mt_rand() for anything security related, here's a new tool that has been just posted that recovers the seed value given a single mt_rand() output:

http://www.openwall.com/php_mt_seed/README
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