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DateTime::__construct

date_create

(PHP 5 >= 5.2.0, PHP 7)

DateTime::__construct -- date_create — Gibt ein neues DateTime Objekt zurück

Beschreibung

Objektorientierter Stil

public DateTime::__construct ([ string $time = "now" [, DateTimeZone $timezone = NULL ]] )

Prozeduraler Stil

date_create ([ string $time = "now" [, DateTimeZone $timezone = NULL ]] ) : DateTime

Gibt ein neues DateTime Objekt zurück.

Parameter-Liste

time

Ein Datums/Zeit Zeichenkette. Gültige Formate werden unter Datums- und Zeitformate erläutert.

Wird "now" übergeben, so wird die aktuelle Uhrzeit verwendet, wenn $timezone übergeben wird.

timezone

Ein DateTimeZone Objekt, welches die Zeitzone von $time repräsentiert.

Wenn $timezone nicht übergeben wird, wird die aktuelle Zeitzone verwendet.

Hinweis:
Der $timezone Parameter und die aktuelle Zeitzone werden ignoriert, wenn der $time Parameter entweder ein UNIX-Zeitstempel (z.B: @946684800) ist, oder wenn in ihm eine Zeitzone spezifiziert wird (z.B: 2010-01-28T15:00:00+02:00).

Rückgabewerte

Gibt eine neue Instanz von DateTime zurück. Prozeduraler Stil Im Fehlerfall wird FALSE zurückgegeben.

Fehler/Exceptions

Gibt eine Exception im Fehlerfall zurück.

Changelog

Version	Beschreibung
7.1	Von nun an werden die Mikrosekunden mit dem tatsächlichen Wert belegt, nicht mehr mit '00000'.
5.3.0	Wenn `time` ein ungültiges Datums-/Zeitformatenthält, dann wird nun eine Exception geworfen. Davor wurde ein Fehler erzeugt.

Beispiele

Beispiel #1 DateTime::__construct() example

Objektorientierter Stil


<?php
try {
    $date = new DateTime('2000-01-01');
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo $e->getMessage();
    exit(1);
}

echo $date->format('Y-m-d');
?>

Prozeduraler Stil


<?php
$date = date_create('2000-01-01');
if (!$date) {
    $e = date_get_last_errors();
    foreach ($e['errors'] as $error) {
        echo "$error\n";
    }
    exit(1);
}

echo date_format($date, 'Y-m-d');
?>

Die obigen Bespiele erzeugen folgende Ausgabe:

2000-01-01

Beispiel #2 Intricacies of DateTime::__construct()


<?php
// Specified date/time in your computer's time zone.
$date = new DateTime('2000-01-01');
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:sP') . "\n";

// Specified date/time in the specified time zone.
$date = new DateTime('2000-01-01', new DateTimeZone('Pacific/Nauru'));
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:sP') . "\n";

// Current date/time in your computer's time zone.
$date = new DateTime();
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:sP') . "\n";

// Current date/time in the specified time zone.
$date = new DateTime(null, new DateTimeZone('Pacific/Nauru'));
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:sP') . "\n";

// Using a UNIX timestamp.  Notice the result is in the UTC time zone.
$date = new DateTime('@946684800');
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:sP') . "\n";

// Non-existent values roll over.
$date = new DateTime('2000-02-30');
echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:sP') . "\n";
?>

Das oben gezeigte Beispiel erzeugt eine ähnliche Ausgabe wie:

2000-01-01 00:00:00-05:00
2000-01-01 00:00:00+12:00
2010-04-24 10:24:16-04:00
2010-04-25 02:24:16+12:00
2000-01-01 00:00:00+00:00
2000-03-01 00:00:00-05:00

Siehe auch

DateTime::createFromFormat() - Parses a time string according to a specified format
DateTimeZone::__construct() - Erstellt neues DateTimeZone Objekt
Date and Time Formats
date.timezone ini setting
date_default_timezone_set() - Setzt die Standardzeitzone, die von allen Datums- und Zeitfunktionen benutzt wird.
DateTime::getLastErrors() - Gibt die Warnungen und Fehler zurück
checkdate() - Prüft ein Gregorianisches Datum auf Gültigkeit

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User Contributed Notes 18 notes

down

cHao ¶

8 years ago


There's a reason for ignoring the time zone when you pass a timestamp to __construct.  That is, UNIX timestamps are by definition based on UTC.  @1234567890 represents the same date/time regardless of time zone.  So there's no need for a time zone at all.

down

kendsnyder at gmail dot com ¶

10 years ago


The theoretical limits of the date range seem to be "-9999-01-01" through "9999-12-31" (PHP 5.2.9 on Windows Vista 64):

<?php

$d = new DateTime("9999-12-31"); 
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "9999-12-31"

$d = new DateTime("0000-12-31"); 
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "0000-12-31"

$d = new DateTime("-9999-12-31"); 
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "-9999-12-31"

?>

Dates above 10000 and below -10000 do not throw errors but produce weird results:

<?php

$d = new DateTime("10019-01-01"); 
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "2009-01-01"

$d = new DateTime("10009-01-01"); 
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "2009-01-01"

$d = new DateTime("-10019-01-01"); 
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "2009-01-01"

?>

down

rn at alpha9marketing dot com ¶

5 years ago


Note that the DateTime ctor also accepts boolean false and empty strings, and treats them the same as NULL (i.e. result is current date and time). This may lead to unexpected results if you forward function return values without explicitly checking them first.

Empty arrays and boolean true trigger PHP warnings OTOH.

(checked with PHP 5.5.18)

down

Wes Hyse ¶

4 years ago


It is worth noting:

If you have not setup a default timezone, an Exception (or error if PHP < 5.3.0) will be thrown even when the $time parameter of the constructor includes a timezone or is a UNIX timestamp.

At least for me, this was unexpected considering that the $timezone parameter is ignored in the cases when "the $time parameter either is a UNIX timestamp (e.g. @946684800) or specifies a timezone (e.g. 2010-01-28T15:00:00+02:00)."

down

tzvi at somesite dot com ¶

5 years ago


If time cannot be parsed an exception of type Exception is thrown which can be caught, however an E_WARNING is emitted as well. This might be confusing if you are converting warnings to exceptions in your error or shutdown handler.

<?php
try {
    $var = new DateTime('some invalid date format');
}
catch (Exception $ex) {}
$warning = error_get_last(); // will contain warning info
?>

down

joel dot kallman at gmail dot com ¶

8 years ago


A definite "gotcha" (while documented) that exists in the __construct is that it ignores your timezone if the $time is a timestamp.  While this may not make sense, the object does provide you with methods to work around it.



<?php

// New Timezone Object

$timezone = new DateTimeZone('America/New_York');



// New DateTime Object

$date =  new DateTime('@1306123200', $timezone);    



// You would expect the date to be 2011-05-23 00:00:00

// But it actually outputs 2011-05-23 04:00:00

echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');



// You can still set the timezone though like so...        

$date->setTimezone($timezone);



// This will now output 2011-05-23 00:00:00

echo $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s');

?>

down

kendsnyder at gmail dot com ¶

10 years ago


Also forgot to mention, that MySQL "zeroed" dates do not throw an error but produce a non-sensical date:

<?php

$d = new DateTime("0000-00-00");
$d->format("Y-m-d"); // "-0001-11-30"

?>

Another good reason to write your own class that extends from DateTime.

down

4chm3d at gmail dot com ¶

8 months ago


About constructing a DateTime, instead of just using the year it seems working when date matches the pattern "YYYY-MM"

- Returns the year correctly: "YYYY-MM"

$ cat date.php 
<?php
$date = new DateTime('2015-12');
echo($date->format('Y'));
?>

$ php date.php 
2015

- Ignores the given input and returns the year from NOW: "YYYY"

$ cat date.php 
<?php
$date = new DateTime('2015');
echo($date->format('Y'));
?>

$ php date.php 
2019

RESULTS/SCOPE: 
- Linux (May 24, 2019)
- PHP 7.2.17 (cli)

down

Anonymous ¶

1 year ago


<?php
$timestampNow = time();
$timestamp = $timestampNow + 13;
$datetime = new \DateTime("@{$timestamp}", new \DateTimeZone('Europe/Berlin'));
echo $datetime->getTimezone()->getName(); // +00:00 !!!!
?>
Does NOT work. You get UTC always.

See comment http://php.net/manual/en/datetime.construct.php#106979

use relative format instead:
<?php
$sec = 13;
$datetime = new \DateTime("now + {$sec} sec", new \DateTimeZone('Europe/Berlin'));
echo $datetime->getTimezone()->getName(); // Europe/Berlin
?>
see http://php.net/manual/en/datetime.formats.relative.php

down

lukasz dot chelmicki at gmail dot com ¶

3 years ago


Since PHP 7.1 behavior of this constructor without arguments have changed. 
From now on microseconds are filled with actual value. In versions <=7.0 microseconds ware set to '000000'

down

thehesiod at hotmail dot com ¶

3 years ago


I'm surprised this hasn't been mentioned, but when constructing a DateTime with just the year as a string, DateTime will pre-initialize itself with NOW and then replace the year, so if today is 7/12/2016:

 <?php
print((new DateTime('2015'))->modify('+1 day')->format('Y-m-d'));
?> 

results in 2016-07-13

down

-1

millband_paul at hotmail dot co dot uk ¶

1 year ago


Using this in a try catch to verify a string is in a valid date format is unreliable. Single letter strings used for the first argument (time string) of the constructor allows a new instance of the class to be created, without any exception or error.

So the below code would not fail or throw an exception.  So $time would not be an empty string.

$value = 'y';
try {
      $time = new \DateTimeZone($value);
} catch (\Exception $e) {
       $time = '';
}

down

Dimitar Stoichev ¶

5 years ago


Be careful working with MySQL dates representing point of transition to Daylight Saving Time.
The constructor of DateTime will convert timezone abbreviation to DST but not the time.

<?php

$timeZone = new DateTimeZone('Europe/Sofia');
            
$transitionToDst = '2014-03-30 03:00:00';

$date = new DateTime($transitionToDst, $timeZone);

// Outputs: Sun Mar 30, 2014 3:00:00 EEST
// Correct: Sun Mar 30, 2014 4:00:00 EEST 
echo $date->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';

// Explicitly setting timezone or adding one second fixes this
$cloneForAdding = clone $date;

$date->setTimezone($timeZone);

// Outputs: Sun Mar 30, 2014 4:00:00 EEST 
echo $date->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';

$cloneForAdding->add(new DateInterval('PT1S'));

// Outputs: Sun Mar 30, 2014 4:00:01 EEST
echo $cloneForAdding->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T');

?>

down

RussellG ¶

6 years ago


Although this function throws an exception on invalid $time values (empty strings, for example), the exception can't be caught because it's a fatal exception. Use functions such as checkdate() and strtotime() to validate the string first. Example #1 should be changed to remove the try/catch block, since it's misleading.

down

Tim Strehle ¶

9 years ago


"The $timezone parameter and the current timezone are ignored when the $time parameter […] is a UNIX timestamp."



Watch out – this means that these two are NOT equivalent, they result in different timezones (unless your current timezone is GMT):



<?php

$d = new DateTime(); $d->setTimestamp($t);

echo $o->format('O');

// +0200



$d = new DateTime('@' . $t);

echo $o->format('O');

// +0000

?>

down

-1

Anonymous ¶

3 years ago


When passing a non US or SQL date string the date will be formatted incorrectly.

// UK date d/m/Y.
$date_time = "08/03/2016 00:00:00";

$dt = new DateTime($date_time, new DateTimeZone("Europe/London"));

// Gives 2016-08-03
echo $dt->format("Y-m-d");

down

-1

Rabenschwinge ¶

4 years ago


Impossible times due to daylight savings are handled by this function in a way similar to impossible dates, with the difference that this is not an error (i.e. a consequent call to DateTime::getLastError() yields nothing).

For example:
In the timezone "Europe/Berlin" on Sunday, March 30 2014 there was no 02:30 am, because that our is being skipped due to daylight savings on that day.

<?php
$tz = new DateTimeZone("Europe/Berlin");
$impossible_time = "2014-03-30T02:30:00";
$date = new DateTime($impossible_time, $tz);
var_dump($date->getLastErrors());
echo "The impossible time '$impossible_time' is interpreted as: " . $date->format(DateTime::ISO8601) . "\n";

/*
Yields:
array(4) {
  'warning_count' =>
  int(0)
  'warnings' =>
  array(0) {
  }
  'error_count' =>
  int(0)
  'errors' =>
  array(0) {
  }
}
The impossible time '2014-03-30T02:30:00' is interpreted as: 2014-03-30T03:30:00+0200
*/
?>

That is similar to how, for example, Febuary 29, 2014 would be handled, which would be interpreted as March 1, 2014. The difference is, that with the date that would be an error, with the time it is not.

Ambigous times due to daylight savings are handled as the second possibility. For example the time 2:30 am occurred twice on October 26, 2014 in the timezone "Europe/Berlin".

<?php
$tz = new DateTimeZone("Europe/Berlin");
$ambiguous_time = "2014-10-26T02:30:00";
$date = new DateTime($ambiguous_time, $tz);
echo "The ambiguous time '$ambiguous_time' is interpreted as: " . $date->format(DateTime::ISO8601) . "\n";

/*
Yields:
The ambiguous time '2014-10-26T02:30:00' is interpreted as: 2014-10-26T02:30:00+0100
*/
?>

Note that "2014-10-26T02:30:00+0200", one hour earlier, would be a correct answer as well.

down

-1

Alex vd Bogaerdt ¶

3 years ago


This seems to work as expected, at least now:

<?php
$timezone1 = new \DateTimeZone('Europe/Sofia');
$timezone2 = new \DateTimeZone('UTC');
$sometime1 = '2014-03-30 02:59:59';
$sometime2 = '2014-03-30 03:00:00';
$date1 = new \DateTime($sometime1, $timezone1);
$date2 = new \DateTime($sometime2, $timezone1);
echo $date1->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';
echo $date2->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';
$date1->setTimezone($timezone1);
$date2->setTimezone($timezone1);
echo $date1->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';
echo $date2->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';
$date1->setTimezone($timezone2);
$date2->setTimezone($timezone2);
echo $date1->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';
echo $date2->format('D M j, Y G:i:s T') . '<br>';

This outputs:
Sun Mar 30, 2014 2:59:59 EET
Sun Mar 30, 2014 4:00:00 EEST
Sun Mar 30, 2014 2:59:59 EET
Sun Mar 30, 2014 4:00:00 EEST
Sun Mar 30, 2014 0:59:59 UTC
Sun Mar 30, 2014 1:00:00 UTC

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