If you want using PL/SQL in variable:
<?php
$query = "begin null; end;";
$stid = oci_parse($conn, "$query");
?>
or
<?php
$stid = oci_parse($conn, "begin null; end;");
?>
(PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8, PECL OCI8 >= 1.1.0)
oci_parse — Prepara una consulta SQL con Oracle
Prepara la consulta sql utilizando la conexión
connection y devuelve el identificador de consulta
que podrá ser utilizado con las funciones oci_bind_by_name(),
oci_execute(), etc.
Los identificadores de consulta pueden ser liberados
utilizando la función oci_free_statement()
o definiendo la variable correspondiente al valor
null.
connectionUn identificador de conexión Oracle, devuelto por la función oci_connect(), oci_pconnect() o oci_new_connect().
sqlLa consulta SQL o PL/SQL.
Las consultas SQL no deben terminar con un punto y coma (";"). Las consultas PL/SQL deben terminar con un punto y coma (";").
Devuelve un manejador de consulta en caso de éxito, o false
si ocurre un error.
Ejemplo #1 Ejemplo con oci_parse()
<?php
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
// Análisis de la consulta. Note que no hay un punto y coma al final de la consulta SQL
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'SELECT * FROM employees');
oci_execute($stid);
echo "<table border='1'>\n";
while ($row = oci_fetch_array($stid, OCI_ASSOC+OCI_RETURN_NULLS)) {
echo "<tr>\n";
foreach ($row as $item) {
echo " <td>" . ($item !== null ? htmlentities($item, ENT_QUOTES) : "") . "</td>\n";
}
echo "</tr>\n";
}
echo "</table>\n";
?>
Ejemplo #2 Ejemplo con oci_parse() y una consulta PL/SQL
<?php
/*
Antes de ejecutar este código PHP, debe crear un procedimiento almacenado en
SQL*Plus o SQL Developer:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE myproc(p1 IN NUMBER, p2 OUT NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
p2 := p1 * 2;
END;
*/
$conn = oci_connect('hr', 'welcome', 'localhost/XE');
if (!$conn) {
$e = oci_error();
trigger_error(htmlentities($e['message'], ENT_QUOTES), E_USER_ERROR);
}
$p1 = 8;
// Al analizar PL/SQL, debe haber un punto y coma al final de la cadena
$stid = oci_parse($conn, 'begin myproc(:p1, :p2); end;');
oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':p1', $p1);
oci_bind_by_name($stid, ':p2', $p2, 40);
oci_execute($stid);
print "$p2\n"; // muestra 16
oci_free_statement($stid);
oci_close($conn);
?>Nota:
Esta función no valida la consulta
sql. La única forma de saber si la consultasqles válida es ejecutándola.
If you want using PL/SQL in variable:
<?php
$query = "begin null; end;";
$stid = oci_parse($conn, "$query");
?>
or
<?php
$stid = oci_parse($conn, "begin null; end;");
?>A neat way to parse a query only once per script, if the query is done inside a function:
<?php
function querySomething($conn, $id)
{
static $stmt;
if (is_null($stmt)) {
$stmt = oci_parse($conn, 'select * from t where pk = :id');
}
oci_bind_by_name($stmt, ':id', $id, -1);
oci_execute($stmt, OCI_DEFAULT);
return oci_fetch_array($stmt, OCI_ASSOC);
}
?>
With the static variable, the statment handle isn't closed after the function has terminated. Very nice for functions that are called e.g. in loops. Unfortunately this only works for static sql. If you have dynamic sql, you can do the following:
<?php
function querySomething($conn, $data)
{
static $stmt = array();
$first = true;
$query = 'select * from t';
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
if ($first) {
$first = false;
$query .= ' where ';
} else {
$query .= ' and ';
}
$query .= "$key = :b$key";
}
$queryhash = md5($query);
if (is_null($stmt[$queryhash])) {
$stmt[$queryhash] = oci_parse($conn, $query);
}
foreach ($data as $key => $value) {
// don't use $value, because we bind memory addresses here.
// this would result in every bind pointing at the same value after foreach
oci_bind_by_name($stmt[$queryhash], ":b$key", $data[$key], -1);
}
oci_execute($stmt[$queryhash], OCI_DEFAULT);
return oci_fetch_array($stmt[$queryhash], OCI_ASSOC);
}
?>For those that are having trouble with error checking, i have noticed on a lot of sites that people are trying to check the statement handle for error messages with OCIParse. Since the statement handle ($sth) is not created yet, you need to check the database handle ($dbh) for any errors with OCIParse. For example:
instead of:
<?php
$stmt = OCIParse($conn, $query);
if (!$stmt) {
$oerr = OCIError($stmt);
echo "Fetch Code 1:".$oerr["message"];
exit;
}
?>
use:
<?php
$stmt = OCIParse($conn, $query);
if (!$stmt) {
$oerr = OCIError($conn);
echo "Fetch Code 1:".$oerr["message"];
exit;
}
?>
Hope this helps someone.Whereas MySQL doesn't care what kind of quotes are around a LIKE clause, ociexecute gives the error:
ociexecute(): OCIStmtExecute: ORA-00904: "NM": invalid identifier
for the following.
<?php
$sql = "SELECT * FROM addresses "
. "WHERE state LIKE \"NM\""; // error!
$stmt = ociparse($conn, $sql);
ociexecute($stmt);
?>
it's fine if you just use single quotes:
. "WHERE state LIKE 'NM'";
but i think it's interesting that ociparse doesn't say anythingWhen you want to call stored function (and want to read its result) which executes DML queries (insert, update, delete) inside its body you can't use "select your_stored_function(:param1, :param2) from dual" because you will receive "ORA-14551: cannot perform a DML operation inside a query" error.
In order to call such function and get its result you need to wrap it into nested procedure with OUT parameter like this:
DECLARE
PROCEDURE caller(return_value OUT NUMBER) AS
BEGIN
return_value := your_stored_function(:param1, :param2);
END;
BEGIN
caller(:return_value);
END;
and bind to :return_value variable to get the result of function.